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Shloka 5

Vetasa-Nīti: The Reed and the Flood (वेतस-नीति)

अकायश्चाल्पसारश्न वेतस: कूलजश्व व: । अवज्ञया वा नानीतः कि च वा तेन व: कृतम्‌

akāyaś cālpasāraś ca vetasaḥ kūlajaś ca vaḥ | avajñayā vā nānītaḥ kiṃ ca vā tena vaḥ kṛtam ||

Sāgara nói: “Cây vetasa ấy thân mảnh như không, chất gỗ ít ỏi, lại mọc ngay trên bờ của các ngươi. Vậy mà các ngươi không cuốn nó về đây—vì sao? Có phải vì khinh miệt nên các ngươi chẳng mang nó đi, hay vì nó từng làm ơn cho các ngươi nên các ngươi đã tha cho nó?”

अकायःbodiless / without a substantial body
अकायः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअकाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अल्पसारःof little pith/strength
अल्पसारः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्पसार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेतसःthe cane/reed (vetasa)
वेतसः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेतस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कूलजःborn on the riverbank
कूलजः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकूलज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike/as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
वःof you (plural)
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
अवज्ञयाby contempt/through disregard
अवज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअवज्ञा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आनीतःbrought
आनीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-नी
FormPast (PPP), —, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
तेनby him/it; with that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
वःof you (plural)
वः:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
कृतम्done; a deed (done) / rendered
कृतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast (PPP), —, Singular, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative

सागर उवाच

S
Sāgara (the Ocean)
V
vetasa (reed/cane)
K
kūla (riverbank/shore)

Educational Q&A

Do not dismiss something merely because it seems weak or insignificant; examine the real reason behind one’s restraint—whether it is negligence/contempt (avajñā) or recognition of a past benefit (kṛta-upakāra). Ethical judgment should be grounded in causes and obligations, not appearances.

The Ocean (Sāgara) questions the addressed waters/streams about a reed that grows on their own bank. Since it is light and easily carried, he asks why they failed to bring it—whether they ignored it out of contempt or refrained because the reed had somehow helped them.