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Shloka 13

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

श्मशाने यदि मे वास: समाधियमें निशम्यताम्‌ | आत्मा फलति कर्माणि नाश्रमो धर्मकारणम्‌

śmaśāne yadi me vāsaḥ samādhir iyaṁ niśamyatām | ātmā phalati karmāṇi nāśramo dharmakāraṇam ||

“Dẫu chỗ ở của ta là bãi hỏa táng, xin hãy nghe lời phân giải này. Chính tự ngã bên trong mới làm cho các hành vi kết quả và thúc đẩy người ta hướng về điều thiện; còn ‘āśrama’—địa vị tu trì hay thân phận bên ngoài—tự nó không phải là nguyên nhân của dharma.”

श्मशानेin the cremation-ground
श्मशाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्मशान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
मेof me / my
मे:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
वासःdwelling, residence
वासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाधीयतेis settled/answered (is resolved)
समाधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-धा
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Impersonal (middle usage)
इमम्this
इमम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निशम्यताम्let it be heard / please listen
निशम्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-शम्
FormImperative, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
आत्माthe self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
फलतिbears fruit, yields result
फलति:
TypeVerb
Rootफल्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्माणिactions, deeds
कर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आश्रमःstage/order of life (āśrama)
आश्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मकारणम्cause of dharma
धर्मकारणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-कारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
śmaśāna (cremation-ground)
Ā
ātmā
Ā
āśrama

Educational Q&A

Dharma is grounded in the inner self—one’s intention, conscience, and moral agency. External status such as belonging to a particular āśrama does not automatically make one righteous; actions bear fruit through the self that chooses and sustains them.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on dharma and right conduct. Here he addresses a potential objection based on outward circumstances (even something as socially stigmatized as living near a cremation-ground) and asserts that true righteousness depends on inner disposition and ethical action, not merely on one’s formal life-stage or social-religious label.