Shloka 23

Satya–Anṛta Viveka (Discrimination between Truth and Falsehood) | सत्य–अनृत विवेकः

Devanagari script

शठ: स्वधर्ममुत्सूज्य तमिच्छेदुपजीवितुम्‌ । सर्वोपायैर्निहन्तव्य: पापो निकृतिजीवन:

Transliteration

śaṭhaḥ svadharmam utsṛjya tam icched upajīvitum | sarvopāyair nihantavyaḥ pāpo nikṛtijīvanaḥ ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: “Kẻ gian trá bỏ bổn phận chính đáng (svadharma) của mình, lại muốn mưu sinh bằng sự dối trá ấy, là kẻ tội lỗi sống bằng lừa đảo. Hạng người ấy phải bị trấn áp bằng mọi phương cách.”

Word by Word

• शठः: a rogue, deceitful man
• शठः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शठ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वधर्मम्: one's own duty
• स्वधर्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधर्म
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उत्सृज्य: having abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्सृज्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इच्छेत्: should wish
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• उपजीवितुम्: to live by (subsist on)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपजीव्
• Form: Infinitive (Tumun)

• सर्वोपायैः: by all means/methods
• सर्वोपायैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वोपाय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• निहन्तव्यः: must be slain/killed
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Gerundive (Tavya), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पापः: sinful, wicked
• पापः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पाप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निकृतिजीवनः: one who lives by deceit/treachery
• निकृतिजीवनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकृतिजीवन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma