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Shloka 1

Satya–Anṛta Viveka (Discrimination between Truth and Falsehood) | सत्य–अनृत विवेकः

ऑपन-माज बक। अऑसि्छऋाय-ज नवाधिकशततमो<्ध्याय: सत्य-असत्यका विवेचन, धर्मका लक्षण तथा व्यावहारिक नीतिका वर्णन युधिछिर उवाच कथं धर्मे स्थातुमिच्छन्‌ नरो वर्तेत भारत । विद्वन्‌ जिज्ञासमानाय प्रब्रूहि भरतर्षभ,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--भरतनन्दन! धर्ममें स्थित रहनेकी इच्छावाला मनुष्य कैसा बर्ताव करे? विद्वन्‌! मैं इस बातको जानना चाहता हूँ। भरतश्रेष्ठी आप मुझसे इसका वर्णन कीजिये

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | kathaṁ dharme sthātum icchan naro varteta bhārata | vidvan jijñāsamānāya prabrūhi bharatarṣabha ||

Yudhiṣṭhira thưa: “Hỡi Bhārata, người muốn đứng vững trong dharma thì phải xử sự thế nào? Hỡi bậc trí, vì ta khao khát được hiểu điều ấy, xin hãy giảng cho ta, hỡi bậc hùng tráng nhất trong dòng Bharata.”

युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
धर्मेin dharma / in righteousness
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्थातुम्to stand; to remain
स्थातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormTumun (infinitive)
इच्छन्wishing; desiring
इच्छन्:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormShatru (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नरःa man
नरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्तेतshould behave; should conduct himself
वर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), Present (modal), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
भारतO Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विद्वन्O learned one
विद्वन्:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जिज्ञासमानायto (me) who is inquiring; to one who seeks to know
जिज्ञासमानाय:
Sampradana
TypeVerb
Rootजिज्ञास्
FormShanach (present middle participle), Masculine, Dative, Singular
प्रब्रूहिtell; explain
प्रब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormLot (imperative), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas; best of the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhārata
B
Bharatarṣabha

Educational Q&A

The verse frames dharma as something to be consciously ‘stood in’ through deliberate conduct, and it opens a didactic discussion: the wise should articulate practical guidance on righteous living to sincere inquirers.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction-setting, Yudhiṣṭhira respectfully asks a revered Bharata elder/teacher to explain how a person who wants to remain in dharma should behave, initiating a discourse on truth, falsehood, and the marks of dharma.