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Shloka 36

मृदु-तीक्ष्ण-नीति तथा दुष्टलक्षण-विज्ञानम्

Measured Policy and the Recognition of Malicious Disposition

न बहूनभियुञ्जीत यौगपद्येन शात्रवान्‌ । साम्ना दानेन भेदेन दण्डेन च पुरंदर

na bahūn abhiyuñjīta yaugapadyena śātravān | sāmnā dānena bhedena daṇḍena ca puraṃdara ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi Puraṃdara, chớ phát động tấn công cùng lúc vào nhiều kẻ thù. Trái lại, hãy khéo vận dụng bốn phương kế—hòa hiếu, ban tặng, chia rẽ, và trừng phạt—để khuất phục từng kẻ một, rồi nghiền nát lực lượng thù địch còn lại. Dẫu là bậc vua mạnh mẽ và trí tuệ, cũng không nên bắt đầu việc dẹp hết mọi kẻ thù trong một lượt.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभियुञ्जीतshould attack/engage
अभियुञ्जीत:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-युज्
FormVidhi-linga, Optative (injunctive sense), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active
यौगपद्येनsimultaneously; with simultaneity
यौगपद्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयौगपद्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शात्रवान्enemies
शात्रवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशात्रव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
साम्नाby conciliation
साम्ना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
दानेनby gifts
दानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
भेदेनby division/dissension
भेदेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभेद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दण्डेनby punishment/force
दण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पुरंदरO Purandara (Indra)
पुरंदर:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Puraṃdara (Indra)

Educational Q&A

A king should avoid overextension: do not confront multiple enemies simultaneously; instead apply the four upāyas—conciliation, gifts, division, and punishment—strategically to neutralize foes one by one.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises the ruler (addressed as Puraṃdara) on practical policy: how to manage hostile powers through calibrated diplomacy and force rather than reckless, simultaneous warfare.