Shloka 47

संहतान्‌ योधयेदल्पान्‌ काम॑ विस्तारयेद्‌ बहुन्‌ । सूचीमुखमनीकं स्यादल्पानां बहुभि: सह,यदि अपने पास थोड़े-से सैनिक हों तो उन्हें एक साथ संघबद्ध रखकर युद्ध करनेका आदेश देना चाहिये और यदि बहुत-से योद्धा हों तो उन्हें बहुत दूरतक इच्छानुसार फैलाकर रखना चाहिये। थोड़े-से सैनिकोंको बहुतोंके साथ युद्ध करना हो तो उनके लिये सूचीमुख नामक व्यूह उपयोगी होता है

saṁhatān yodhayed alpān kāmaṁ vistārayed bahūn | sūcīmukham anīkaṁ syād alpānāṁ bahubhiḥ saha ||

Bhīṣma nói: Khi chỉ có một lực lượng nhỏ, phải ra lệnh cho họ chiến đấu trong đội hình chặt chẽ, thống nhất; còn khi có nhiều chiến binh, có thể tùy ý giãn ra trên một mặt trận rộng. Và khi một lực lượng ít ỏi buộc phải đương đầu với số đông, thì trận thế gọi là “Mũi Kim” (Sūcīmukha) được xem là thích hợp—dồn sức thành một mũi nhọn xuyên phá, chứ không tản mác phân tán.

संहतान्collected, kept together
संहतान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंहत (सम्+√हन्/√हृ?; here adjectival participle meaning 'collected/compacted')
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
योधयेत्should cause to fight / should deploy for battle
योधयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√युध् (causative: योधयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अल्पान्few (soldiers)
अल्पान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कामम्as desired, at will
कामम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकाम
विस्तारयेत्should spread out / extend
विस्तारयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√स्तॄ (causative: विस्तारयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बहून्many (warriors)
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सूचीमुखम्the 'needle-point' (formation)
सूचीमुखम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूचीमुख
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनीकम्army, troop-formation
अनीकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√अस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अल्पानाम्of the few
अल्पानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
बहुभिःby/with many
बहुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Sūcīmukha-vyūha (Needle-point formation)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches adaptive leadership in warfare: concentrate a small force into a cohesive, disciplined mass, but deploy a large force with breadth and flexibility. When outnumbered, use a formation like Sūcīmukha that focuses power into a penetrating point, minimizing the disadvantages of being few.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhishma advises the king on practical conduct of war and army deployment. Here he gives a rule-of-thumb for arranging troops based on relative numbers and recommends the Sūcīmukha formation when a smaller contingent must face a larger one.