Shloka 12

रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield

Devanagari script

तद्‌ बल॑ भरतश्रेष्ठ क्षुब्धार्णवसमस्वनम्‌

Transliteration

tad bala bharataśreṣṭha kṣubdhārṇavasamasvanam

Translation

Sañjaya said: “O best of the Bharatas, that mighty force raised a roar like the sound of a storm-tossed ocean.”

Word by Word

• तत्: that (it)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• बलम्: army/force
• बलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• भरतश्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun (vocative address)
• Root: भरत-श्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• क्षुब्ध: agitated, churned
• Type: Adjective (past passive participle)
• Root: क्षुभ्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem agreement), Singular

• अर्णव: ocean
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्णव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem), Singular

• सम: equal to, like
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (in compound stem), Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem), Singular

• स्वनम्: sound, roar
• स्वनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the vocative bharataśreṣṭha)
• bala (the army/host)