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Shloka 48

Duryodhana-vadha-pratikriyā: Harṣa, Nindā, and Kṛṣṇa’s Nīti-vyākhyā (Śalya-parva 60)

दिष्टया गतस्त्वमानृण्यं मातु:ः कोपस्य चोभयो: । दिष्ट्या जयति दुर्धर्ष दिष्टया शत्रुर्निपातित:

diṣṭyā gatastvam ānṛṇyaṁ mātuḥ kopasya cobhayoḥ | diṣṭyā jayati durdharṣa diṣṭyā śatrur nipātitaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira nói: “Nhờ phúc lành, ngươi đã được giải khỏi món nợ đối với mẹ và cả cơn thịnh nộ của bà. Cũng bởi định mệnh ấy, hỡi dũng sĩ khó ai khuất phục, ngươi đã chiến thắng; và nhờ phúc ấy nữa, kẻ thù của ngươi đã bị đánh gục.”

दिष्ट्याfortunately; by good luck
दिष्ट्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिष्टि
गतःgone; having reached
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
आनृण्यम्freedom from debt; discharge of obligation
आनृण्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआनृण्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मातुःof (your) mother
मातुः:
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
कोपस्यof anger; of wrath
कोपस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकोप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootउभ
FormGenitive, Dual
दिष्ट्याfortunately
दिष्ट्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिष्टि
जयतिwins; is victorious
जयति:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दुर्धर्षO hard-to-overcome one
दुर्धर्ष:
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्धर्ष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दिष्ट्याfortunately
दिष्ट्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदिष्टि
शत्रुःthe enemy
शत्रुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निपातितःfelled; caused to fall; slain
निपातितः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत् (causative: निपातयति)
Formक्त (past passive participle, causative sense), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
M
mother (mātā)
E
enemy (śatru)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames victory not merely as personal prowess but as a providential outcome, while also emphasizing moral accounting: one should become ānṛṇya—free from obligations—especially toward one’s mother, whose blessing (and even whose anger) creates a binding ethical debt.

Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a formidable warrior, congratulating him on success in battle and on having discharged a twofold burden connected with his mother—her claim upon him and her wrath—while attributing both victory and the enemy’s fall to diṣṭi (fortune/providence).