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Shloka 60

Duryodhana-patana-anuśocana

The Fall of Duryodhana and the Contest of Restraint

दुर्योधने तदा राजन्‌ पतिते तनये तव । राजन! आपके पुत्र दुर्योधनके धराशायी होनेपर स्त्रियोंमें पुरुषत्व और पुरुषोंमें स्त्रीत्वके सूचक लक्षण प्रकट होने लगे ।। ५९ है ।। दृष्टवा तानद्भुतोत्पातान्‌ पञ्चाला: पाण्डवैः: सह

duryodhane tadā rājan patite tanaye tava | dṛṣṭvā tān adbhutotpātān pāñcālāḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha ||

Ôi Đại vương, khi ấy, lúc con trai của ngài là Duryodhana đã ngã xuống, những điềm lạ kỳ mà dữ dằn bắt đầu hiện ra—như thể khí chất nam nhi trỗi dậy nơi đàn bà, và nét nữ tính lại xuất hiện nơi đàn ông. Thấy những điềm dị thường ấy, người Pāñcāla cùng với các Pāṇḍava đều nhận ra bước ngoặt đáng sợ của thời cuộc.

दुर्योधनेin/when Duryodhana
दुर्योधने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पतितेfallen
पतिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपतित
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तनयेin (your) son
तनये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतनय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अद्भुतwonderful/strange
अद्भुत:
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत
FormMasculine
उत्पातान्portents/omens
उत्पातान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्पात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Sahakari
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
D
Duryodhana
T
the King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by address)
P
Pāñcālas
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse frames Duryodhana’s fall as a moment of cosmic and social inversion, expressed through ominous portents. Ethically, it suggests that adharma culminating in catastrophic violence disturbs the natural order, and that such disorder is perceived through signs that warn of the gravity of moral collapse.

Vāyudeva addresses the king, stating that when Duryodhana lay fallen, extraordinary and ominous signs appeared. The Pāñcālas, along with the Pāṇḍavas, observe these portents, marking the climactic aftermath of Duryodhana’s defeat.