Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 18

अध्याय ४ — दुर्योधनस्य असंधि-निश्चयः

Duryodhana’s Refusal of Reconciliation

चरन्तीव महाविद्युन्मुष्णन्ती नयनप्रभाम्‌ । अलातमिव चाविद्धं गाण्डीवं समदृश्यत,“जैसे चमकती हुई महाविद्युत्‌ नेत्रोंकी प्रभाको छीनती-सी दिखायी देती है तथा जैसे अलातचक्र घूमता देखा जाता है, उसी प्रकार अर्जुनके हाथमें गाण्डीव धनुष भी दृष्टिगोचर होता है

carantīva mahāvidyun muṣṇantī nayanaprabhām | alātam iva cāviddhaṃ gāṇḍīvaṃ samadṛśyata ||

Sañjaya nói: Cây cung Gāṇḍīva trong tay Arjuna hiện ra như một tia chớp lớn, như thể cướp mất cả ánh sáng của đôi mắt; và như một thanh đuốc lửa được vung xoay thành vòng tròn, nó được thấy đang quay lướt trong chuyển động thần tốc—một hình ảnh của sức mạnh chiến trận không thể cưỡng trên chiến địa.

चरन्तीmoving, roaming
चरन्ती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootचर्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महाविद्युत्a great lightning-flash
महाविद्युत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाविद्युत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मुष्णन्तीstealing, snatching away
मुष्णन्ती:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमुष्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
नयनप्रभाम्the radiance of the eyes
नयनप्रभाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनयनप्रभा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अलातम्a firebrand, burning stick
अलातम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअलात
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आविद्धम्whirled, spun around
आविद्धम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + व्यध्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
गाण्डीवम्Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna’s bow)
गाण्डीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समदृश्यतwas seen, appeared
समदृश्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + दृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how disciplined skill and righteous resolve (dharma-yuddha spirit) manifest as overwhelming effectiveness: Arjuna’s weapon is portrayed not merely as an object, but as focused power that eclipses ordinary perception—suggesting that mastery joined to purpose becomes awe-inspiring and decisive.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra what is seen on the battlefield: Arjuna is actively brandishing his bow Gāṇḍīva. Its rapid motion and brilliance are compared to lightning and to the circular streak of a whirled firebrand, emphasizing speed, intensity, and imminent combat.