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Shloka 2

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

इस प्रकार श्रीमह्ााभारत शल्यपर्वमें धृतराष्ट्रका विलापविषयक दूसरा अध्याय पूरा हुआ,निहते सूतपुत्रे तु पाण्डवेन महात्मना । विद्रुतेषु च सैन्येषु समानीतेषु चासकृत्‌

nihate sūtaputre tu pāṇḍavena mahātmanā | vidruteṣu ca sainyeṣu samānīteṣu cāsakṛt ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana nói: Khi con trai của người đánh xe đã bị vị Pāṇḍava đại hồn giết chết, và khi các đạo quân hoảng loạn tháo chạy rồi lại nhiều lần được tập hợp, kéo về đội ngũ, thì sức ép đạo lý và cảm xúc của cuộc chiến càng thêm nặng nề—thắng lợi và mất mát cùng hiện ra một lúc, giữa cảnh ý chí tập thể tan vỡ rồi lại được dựng lại.

निहतेwhen (he) was slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहत (√हन् + नि, क्त)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सूतपुत्रेin the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
पाण्डवेनby the Pandava
पाण्डवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
महात्मनाby the great-souled (one)
महात्मना:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विद्रुतेषुwhen (they) had fled
विद्रुतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविद्रुत (वि + √द्रु, क्त)
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सैन्येषुin the armies
सैन्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
समानीतेषुwhen (they) had been brought together/collected
समानीतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसमानीत (सम् + आ + √नी, क्त)
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असकृत्repeatedly, again and again
असकृत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअसकृत्

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Pāṇḍava
S
sūtaputra (Karṇa, by epithet)
A
armies (sainyāni)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war tests dharma not only through individual heroism but through the fragile morale of entire armies: even after a decisive death, forces may collapse into fear and yet be repeatedly reconstituted by leadership—showing the oscillation between despair and duty.

After the killing of the ‘sūtaputra’ (understood as Karṇa) by a Pāṇḍava, the troops scatter in panic; nevertheless, they are gathered and reorganized again and again, indicating continuing conflict and the effort to restore battle order.