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Shloka 32

Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)

तान्‌ प्रेक्ष्य द्रवत: सर्वान्‌ भीमसेनभयार्दितान्‌ | दुर्योधनस्तदा सूतमब्रवीद्‌ विजयाय च,भीमसेनके भयसे पीड़ित हुए अपने उन समस्त योद्धाओंको भागते देख दुर्योधनने विजयकी इच्छासे अपने सारथिसे कहा--

tān prekṣya dravataḥ sarvān bhīmasenabhayārditān | duryodhanas tadā sūtam abravīd vijayāya ca ||

Sañjaya nói: Thấy tất cả các chiến binh ấy hoảng loạn tháo chạy, bị nỗi sợ Bhīmasena dày vò, Duryodhana bấy giờ liền nói với người đánh xe của mình, vì khát vọng chiến thắng—mong gom lại hàng ngũ và xoay chuyển thế trận, dẫu trong quân mình nỗi sợ và sự tan rã đang đè nặng.

तान्those (men)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
द्रवत:running, fleeing
द्रवत::
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootद्रवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भीमसेनभयार्दितान्afflicted by fear of Bhimasena
भीमसेनभयार्दितान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootभीमसेन-भय-आर्दित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सूतम्the charioteer
सूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said, spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
विजयायfor victory
विजयाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootविजय
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Duryodhana
S
Sūta (Duryodhana’s charioteer)
K
Kaurava warriors (implied)
P
Pāṇḍava side (implied through Bhīma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a battlefield ethical tension: leadership is tested when fear spreads. Duryodhana’s impulse is to restore victory-oriented resolve, showing how desire for triumph can override reflection on the causes of collapse—namely, the terror inspired by a superior warrior and the fragility of morale.

Sañjaya reports that Kaurava fighters are fleeing, overwhelmed by fear of Bhīma. Observing this, Duryodhana turns to his charioteer and speaks, intending to regain control of the situation and pursue victory.