Shloka 60

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

Devanagari script

सात्यकिं भीमसेनं च माद्रीपुत्री च पाण्डवी

Transliteration

sātyakiṃ bhīmasenaṃ ca mādrīputrī ca pāṇḍavī

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Ông trông thấy/nhắc đến Sātyaki và Bhīmasena, cùng cả người phụ nữ Pāṇḍava là con gái của Mādrī—để làm nổi bật những nhân vật hiển hách ấy giữa tai ương chiến trận đang cuộn trào, nơi huyết thống và lòng trung thành khiến bổn phận lẫn bi thương đều thêm sắc lạnh.

Word by Word

• सात्यकिम्: Sātyaki
• सात्यकिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सात्यकि
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भीमसेनम्: Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• माद्रीपुत्री: Mādrī's daughter (a daughter of Mādrī)
• माद्रीपुत्री: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माद्रीपुत्री
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पाण्डवी: the Pāṇḍavī (daughter/descendant of Pāṇḍu)
• पाण्डवी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डवी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sātyaki
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Mādrī
• Pāṇḍavī (a Pāṇḍava lady, identified by relation to Mādrī)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in a war narrative, the verse foregrounds identity through relationships—ally (Sātyaki), heroic duty (Bhīma), and lineage (Mādrī’s daughter, a Pāṇḍava lady). It implicitly highlights how dharma in conflict is experienced through bonds of kinship and allegiance, intensifying responsibility and sorrow.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya, reporting events to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, lists or points out key Pāṇḍava-side figures—Sātyaki, Bhīmasena, and a Pāṇḍava woman identified as Mādrī’s daughter—within the ongoing Shalya Parva war account.