Shloka 523

शल्यपरिघातः (Śalya Under Encirclement) — Mahābhārata, Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 12

Devanagari script

ट्रुमसेनं चतुःषष्ट्या निजघान महारथ: । इसके बाद महारथी युधिष्छिरने सत्तर बाणोंसे चन्द्रसेनको, नौ बाणोंसे शल्यके सारथिको और चौंसठ बाणोंसे ट्रमसेनको मार डाला

Transliteration

trumasenaṃ catuḥṣaṣṭyā nijaghāna mahārathaḥ |

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Vị đại xa chiến đã hạ Trumasena bằng sáu mươi bốn mũi tên. Trong cùng một đợt xung kích ấy, Yudhiṣṭhira—với sự cương quyết nghiêm khắc mà bổn phận kṣatriya đòi hỏi—cũng quật ngã Candrasena bằng bảy mươi mũi tên, hạ người đánh xe của Śalya bằng chín mũi, và diệt Trumasena bằng sáu mươi bốn mũi, thúc chiến cuộc tiến lên bằng bạo lực chính xác, có chừng mực, chứ không phải sự tàn bạo liều lĩnh.

Word by Word

• ट्रुमसेनम्: Trumasena (as object)
• ट्रुमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ट्रुमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• चतुःषष्ट्या: with sixty-four (arrows)
• चतुःषष्ट्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुःषष्टि
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• निजघान: struck down / slew
• निजघान: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular

• महारथः: the great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Trumasena
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Candrasena
• Shalya
• Shalya’s charioteer
• arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse reflects kṣatriya-dharma in its hardest form: when war is already joined, a ruler must act decisively and skillfully to protect his side and uphold his pledged duty, while keeping violence purposeful rather than wanton.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports a sequence of battlefield kills: Trumasena is brought down with sixty-four arrows; additionally, Yudhiṣṭhira strikes down Candrasena with seventy arrows and kills Shalya’s charioteer with nine arrows.