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Shloka 44

Sauptika Parva, Adhyaya 8 — Dhṛṣṭadyumna-vadha and the Camp’s Nocturnal Rout

तस्य लोहितरक्तस्य दीप्तखड्गस्य युध्यत: । अमानुष इवाकारो बभौ परमभीषण:,वह खूनसे रँग गया था। जूझते हुए उस वीरकी तलवार चमक रही थी। उस समय उसका आकार मानवेतर प्राणीके समान अत्यन्त भयंकर प्रतीत होता था

tasya lohita-raktasya dīpta-khaḍgasya yudhyataḥ | amānuṣa iva ākāro babhau paramabhīṣaṇaḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Khi giao chiến, thân hắn nhuốm đỏ máu, và thanh gươm của vị dũng sĩ ấy lóe sáng dữ dội. Trong khoảnh khắc ấy, hình dạng hắn gần như phi nhân, kinh hoàng tột độ—cho thấy cơn cuồng loạn của chiến trận ban đêm có thể tước khỏi chiến tranh mọi thước đo và sự kiềm chế của con người.

तस्यof him/its
तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
लोहित-रक्तस्यblood-red, reddened with blood
लोहित-रक्तस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootलोहित + रक्त
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
दीप्त-खड्गस्यof the shining sword
दीप्त-खड्गस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun (with adjective as compound member)
Rootदीप्त + खड्ग
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
युध्यतःof (him) fighting
युध्यतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine/neuter, genitive, singular
अमानुषःnon-human, superhuman
अमानुषः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमानुष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आकारःform, appearance
आकारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआकार
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
बभौshone/appeared
बभौ:
TypeVerb
Rootभा
Formperfect (लिट्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
परम-भीषणःextremely terrible
परम-भीषणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम + भीषण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
sword (khaḍga)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how unchecked violence in war—especially in the lawless atmosphere of night fighting—can make a person appear 'amānuṣa' (inhuman), suggesting an ethical warning about the loss of humanity when dharma is eclipsed by rage and slaughter.

Sañjaya describes a warrior in combat, drenched in blood with a gleaming sword, whose appearance becomes terrifyingly inhuman—an image that heightens the horror and intensity of the Sauptika episode.