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Shloka 5

Rudra’s Omitted Share in the Yajña (रुद्रभागानुपपत्तिः — यज्ञोपाख्यानम्)

जब देवताओंने यज्ञमें उनका कोई भाग नियत नहीं किया, तब व्याप्रचर्मधारी भगवान्‌ शिवने उनके दमनके लिये साधन जुटानेकी इच्छा रखकर सबसे पहले धनुषकी सृष्टि की ।। लोकयज्ञः क्रियायज्ञो गृहयज्ञ: सनातन: । पजञ्चभूतनृयज्ञश्न जज्ञे सर्वमिदं जगत्‌,लोकयज्ञ, क्रियायज्ञ, सनातन गृहयज्ञ, पंचभूतयज्ञ और मनुष्ययज्ञ--ये पाँच प्रकारके यज्ञ हैं। इन्हींसे यह सम्पूर्ण जगत्‌ उत्पन्न होता है

vaiśampāyana uvāca | yadā devatābhir yajñe teṣāṃ na kaścid bhāgo niyataḥ, tadā vyāghracarmadharī bhagavān śivaḥ teṣāṃ damanāya sādhanāni saṃbhartum icchan prathamaṃ dhanur asṛjat || lokayajñaḥ kriyāyajño gṛhayajñaḥ sanātanaḥ | pañcabhūtayajño manuṣyayajñaś ca—ete pañca yajñāḥ | etebhya eva sarvam idaṃ jagaj jajñe ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: Khi các chư thiên không định phần nào cho họ trong lễ tế, thì Đấng Thế Tôn Śiva—khoác da hổ—với ý muốn gom đủ phương tiện để khuất phục họ, trước hết đã tạo ra cây cung. Có năm loại tế lễ: tế lễ vì phúc lợi của thế gian, tế lễ bằng hành nghi theo quy định, tế lễ gia đình thường hằng, tế lễ hướng đến năm đại nguyên tố, và tế lễ dâng cho loài người. Từ những bổn phận tế lễ ấy, toàn thể thế giới này được nói là phát sinh.

लोकयज्ञःthe (so-called) loka-yajña
लोकयज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोकयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रियायज्ञःthe kriyā-yajña (ritual/action-sacrifice)
क्रियायज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रियायज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गृहयज्ञःthe gṛha-yajña (household sacrifice)
गृहयज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगृहयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सनातनःeternal, perennial
सनातनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पञ्चभूतनृयज्ञैःby the pañcabhūta-yajña and the nṛ-yajña (human-yajña)
पञ्चभूतनृयज्ञैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चभूतनृयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जज्ञेwas born / arose
जज्ञे:
TypeVerb
Rootजन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada
सर्वम्all, the whole
सर्वम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जगत्world, universe
जगत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śiva
D
Devas (gods)
B
Bow (dhanuḥ)
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)

Educational Q&A

The passage links cosmic and social order to properly performed and properly shared sacrificial duties. When rightful shares are denied, disorder arises and corrective power (symbolized by Śiva creating the bow) becomes necessary; thus dharma includes both sustaining rites/service and just restraint.

Vaiśampāyana describes a situation where certain beings are denied a sacrificial share by the gods; in response, Śiva, preparing to subdue them, creates the bow as an instrument of control. The text then enumerates five forms of yajña to frame sacrifice as the foundation of the world’s functioning.