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Shloka 3

याज्ञसेनी-प्रश्नः

Draupadī’s Question in the Assembly

यद्‌ वै पुरा जातमात्रो रुराव गोमायुवद्‌ विस्वरं पापचेता: । दुर्योधनो भरतानां कुलघ्न: सो<यं युक्तो भवतां कालहेतु:,यह भरतवंशका विनाश करनेवाला पापी दुर्योधन पहले जब गर्भसे बाहर निकला था, गीदड़के समान जोर-जोरसे चिल्लाने लगा था; अतः यह निश्चय ही आप सब लोगोंके विनाशका कारण बनेगा

yad vai purā jātamātro rurāva gomāyuvad visvaraṁ pāpacetāḥ | duryodhano bharatānāṁ kulaghnaḥ so 'yaṁ yukto bhavatāṁ kālahetuḥ ||

Quả thật, thuở xưa, vừa mới lọt lòng, kẻ tâm địa ác ấy đã tru lên bằng giọng khàn chát, chói tai như loài chó rừng. Duryodhana—kẻ diệt vong dòng Bharata—chính người này phải được xem là nguyên nhân và công cụ của sự suy vong của các ngươi.

यत्which/that (fact)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
जातमात्रःjust-born
जातमात्रः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजातमात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रुरावcried, howled
रुराव:
TypeVerb
Rootरु (रवणे)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
गोमायुवत्like a jackal
गोमायुवत्:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootगोमायु + वत्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
विस्वरम्in a discordant/harsh tone
विस्वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविस्वर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पापचेताःevil-minded (one)
पापचेताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपापचेतस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भरतानाम्of the Bharatas
भरतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कुलघ्नःdestroyer of the family/lineage
कुलघ्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootकुलघ्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this (one)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युक्तःappointed/fit, destined
युक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुज् (योजने) → युक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवताम्of you (hon.)
भवताम्:
TypePronoun (honorific)
Rootभवत्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
कालहेतुःcause of destruction/time-of-death
कालहेतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालहेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
D
Duryodhana
B
Bharatas (Bharata lineage)

Educational Q&A

Vidura frames moral and political discernment through the language of omens: a ruler driven by pāpa-cetā (evil intent) becomes a kālahetu—an agent of collective ruin. The ethical warning is to recognize adharma early and restrain or remove its source for the protection of the kula and kingdom.

In the Sabha Parva context, Vidura admonishes the Kuru elders about Duryodhana’s destructive nature. He cites an inauspicious sign from Duryodhana’s birth—crying like a jackal—as evidence that Duryodhana is destined to bring calamity upon the Bharata line unless checked.