Shloka 49

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

Devanagari script

नकुल: सुबलं राजन्‌ सहपुत्रं समन्वयात्‌ | द्रौपदेया: ससौभद्रा: पर्वतीयान्‌ महारथान्‌

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

nakulaḥ subalaṃ rājan sahaputraṃ samanvayāt |

draupadeyāḥ sasaubhadrāḥ parvatīyān mahārathān ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Tâu Đại vương, Nakula hộ tống Subala cùng với con trai ông. Năm người con của Draupadī, cùng Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), hộ tống các đại chiến xa từ miền núi đến tận ranh giới vương quốc—đúng theo lễ nghi của bậc vương giả.

Word by Word

• नकुलः: Nakula
• नकुलः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नकुल
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सुबलम्: Subala
• सुबलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुबल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• सह: together with
• सह: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• समन्वयात्: followed / went along
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-अनु-इ (समन्वि)
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• द्रौपदेयाः: the sons of Draupadi
• द्रौपदेयाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौपदेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स: together with
• स: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स (सह)

• सौभद्राः: the son of Subhadra (Abhimanyu) / Subhadra's (descendants)
• सौभद्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सौभद्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पर्वतीयान्: mountain(-region) (people)
• पर्वतीयान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर्वतीय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• महारथान्: great chariot-warriors
• महारथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Nakula
• Subala
• Subala's son
• Draupadeyas (Draupadī’s five sons)
• Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)
• Parvatīya mahārathas (mountain-region warriors)
• King (Janamejaya, implied addressee)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma expressed as orderly hospitality and diplomatic courtesy: honored guests and allied warriors are formally escorted to the frontier, maintaining respect, security, and proper political decorum.

What is happening in the narrative?

After the events in the royal assembly context, Nakula accompanies Subala and his son, while Draupadī’s sons together with Abhimanyu escort the mountain-region great warriors up to the kingdom’s boundary, completing the formal send-off.