Shloka 13
Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta
पश्यन्ति हि भवन्तोउद्य मय्यतीव व्यतिक्रमम् । कृतानि तु परोक्ष मे यानि तानि निबोधत
paśyanti hi bhavanto ’dya mayy atīva vyatikramam | kṛtāni tu parokṣe me yāni tāni nibodhata ||
Vaiśampāyana nói: “Chư vị đều thấy rõ ngay lúc này hắn đang cư xử thô bạo, vô lễ với ta đến mức nào. Nay hãy nghe thêm—hãy hiểu cho tường tận—những tội lỗi hắn đã lén lút gây ra với ta khi ta không hay biết.”
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights an ethical distinction: wrongdoing is aggravated when it violates proper boundaries (vyatikrama) and when it is done covertly (parokṣe). It frames accountability before elders/assembly—publicly witnessed misconduct and hidden offenses both demand recognition and judgment.
The speaker (as reported by Vaiśampāyana) appeals to those present, pointing out that an individual is currently acting offensively toward him, and then asks the assembly to also hear and understand the earlier, behind-the-back offenses committed against him.