Shloka 19

Śakuni–Duryodhana-saṃvāda: Dyūta-yojanā (Śakuni and Duryodhana on Planning the Dice-Game)

Devanagari script

भीष्मकं च महावीर्य दन्‍्तवक्रं च भूमिपम्‌ । भगदत्तं यूपकेतुं जयत्सेनं च मागधम्‌

Transliteration

bhīṣmakaṃ ca mahāvīrya dantavakraṃ ca bhūmipam | bhagadattaṃ yūpaketuṃ jayatsenaṃ ca māgadham ||

Translation

Śiśupāla còn tiếp tục, nêu danh những bậc quân vương lừng lẫy: “Bhīṣmaka dũng lực lớn; Dantavakra, bậc hùng tướng; vua Bhagadatta; Yūpaketu; và Jayatsena xứ Magadha”—lấy uy danh và quyền thế của họ làm luận cứ về ngôi thứ vinh dự giữa các chúa tể trong triều hội.

Word by Word

• भीष्मकम्: Bhīṣmaka (proper name)
• भीष्मकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीष्मक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महावीर्यम्: of great valor (as a name/epithet)
• महावीर्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महावीर्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दन्तवक्रम्: Dantavakra (proper name)
• दन्तवक्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दन्तवक्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• भूमिपम्: the king (lord of the earth)
• भूमिपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमिप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• भगदत्तम्: Bhagadatta (proper name)
• भगदत्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भगदत्त
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• यूपकेतुम्: Yūpaketu (proper name)
• यूपकेतुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यूपकेतु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• जयत्सेनम्: Jayatsena (proper name)
• जयत्सेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जयत्सेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मागधम्: the Magadhan (king/person from Magadha)
• मागधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मागध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

शिशुपाल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣmaka
• Dantavakra
• Bhagadatta
• Yūpaketu
• Jayatsena
• Magadha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how public discourse in a royal assembly often appeals to reputation and the roster of powerful kings; ethically, it highlights the tension between genuine merit and rhetorical use of names and status to sway judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Sabha (court) setting, Śiśupāla is speaking and lists prominent rulers—Bhīṣmaka, Dantavakra, Bhagadatta, Yūpaketu, and Jayatsena of Magadha—using their renown to strengthen his ongoing argument and challenge the prevailing honor being accorded in the assembly.