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Shloka 2

Śiśupāla-vākya: Bhīṣma-nindā and the ‘Haṃsa’ Exemplum (शिशुपालवाक्यम् — भीष्मनिन्दा, हंसदृष्टान्तः)

नेदं युक्ते महीपाल यादृशं वै त्वमुक्तवान्‌ | अधर्मश्न परो राजन्‌ पारुष्यं च निरर्थकम्‌,“राजन! तुमने जैसी बात कह डाली है, वह कदापि उचित नहीं है। किसीके प्रति इस प्रकार व्यर्थ कठोर बातें कहना महान्‌ अधर्म है

naidaṁ yukte mahīpāla yādṛśaṁ vai tvam uktavān | adharmas tvaṁ paro rājan pāruṣyaṁ ca nirarthakam ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Tâu bệ hạ, điều ngài vừa thốt ra tuyệt chẳng phải lẽ. Ném những lời cay nghiệt vô ích vào người khác là một sự xúc phạm nặng nề đối với dharma.”

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
idamthis (statement/act)
idam:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formneuter, nominative, singular
yuktaṃproper, fitting
yuktaṃ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootyukta
Formneuter, nominative, singular
mahīpālaO king (protector of the earth)
mahīpāla:
TypeNoun
Rootmahīpāla
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
yādṛśamsuch as, of the kind that
yādṛśam:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootyādṛśa
Formneuter, accusative, singular
vaiindeed
vai:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta
TypePronoun
Roottvad
Formnominative, singular
uktavānhave said
uktavān:
TypeVerb
Rootvac
Formktavatu, masculine, nominative, singular
adharmaḥunrighteousness, sin
adharmaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootadharma
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
hifor, indeed
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
paraḥgreat, extreme
paraḥ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootpara
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
rājanO king
rājan:
TypeNoun
Rootrājan
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
pāruṣyamharshness, abusive speech
pāruṣyam:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootpāruṣya
Formneuter, nominative, singular
caand
ca:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca
nirarthakampurposeless, futile
nirarthakam:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootnirarthaka
Formneuter, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
R
rājan (a king, addressed)
M
mahīpāla (king/earth-protector, addressed)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns purposeless harsh speech as adharma, emphasizing that ethical conduct includes restraint and propriety in words—especially for a king.

Vaiśampāyana rebukes a king for an improper remark, framing the utterance as unfitting and morally blameworthy because it is harsh and without constructive purpose.