Shloka 17

Adhyāya 33: Antarvedī-Samāgama, Arghya-Nirṇaya, and Śiśupāla’s Objection

Devanagari script

धौम्यद्वैपायनमुखैर्त्विग्भि: पुरुषर्षभ । भीमार्जुनयमैश्वैव सहित: कृष्णमब्रवीत्‌

Transliteration

dhaumyadvaipāyanamukhair ṛtvigbhiḥ puruṣarṣabha | bhīmārjunayamair eva sahitaḥ kṛṣṇam abravīt || narśreṣṭha janamejaya |

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Hỡi bậc trượng phu như hùng ngưu, hỡi Janamejaya—người ưu tú nhất trong loài người—vua Yudhiṣṭhira, cùng các tư tế chủ lễ đứng đầu là Dhaumya và Dvaipāyana, lại có Bhīma, Arjuna và đôi song sinh Nakula–Sahadeva đi kèm, đã tiến đến gần Kṛṣṇa và cất lời. Cảnh ấy nêu rõ phép tắc của bậc quân vương theo dharma: tiếp đón cung kính, khoản đãi có trật tự, và thưa chuyện trước mặt bậc trưởng thượng cùng thân tộc, đúng theo đạo lý.

Word by Word

• धौम्य: by/with Dhaumya
• धौम्य: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: धौम्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• द्वैपायन: by/with Dvaipayana (Vyasa)
• द्वैपायन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वैपायन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• मुखैः: with (them) at the head / led by
• मुखैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुख
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• ऋत्विग्भिः: with the officiating priests
• ऋत्विग्भिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत्विज्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पुरुषर्षभ: O bull among men
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भीम: with Bhima
• भीम: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अर्जुन: with Arjuna
• अर्जुन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• यमैः: with the twins (Nakula and Sahadeva)
• यमैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• सहितः: accompanied (together)
• सहितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृष्णम्: Krishna
• कृष्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अब्रवीत्: said/spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Imperfect (Lan), 3, Singular

• नरश्रेष्ठ: O best of men
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरश्रेष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• जनमेजय: O Janamejaya
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनमेजय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Janamejaya
• Dhaumya
• Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)
• Bhīma
• Arjuna
• Nakula
• Sahadeva
• Kṛṣṇa
• Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights dharmic conduct in public life: a ruler approaches an honored guest with proper ritual decorum, accompanied by elders (priests/sages) and family, signaling humility, respect for sacred authority, and responsible speech within a lawful social order.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates to Janamejaya that Yudhiṣṭhira, together with the chief priests (Dhaumya and Vyāsa) and his brothers (Bhīma, Arjuna, and the twins Nakula–Sahadeva), goes near Kṛṣṇa and addresses him after due reception and seating—setting up a formal conversation or request.