Shloka 1

सहदेव-दक्षिण-दिग्विजयः — Sahadeva’s Southern Conquest and the Māhiṣmatī–Agni Encounter

Devanagari script

अपना छा | अ्--#र+ अष्टाविशोश् ध्याय: किम्पुरुष

Transliteration

vaiśampāyana uvāca | sa śvetaparvataṃ vīraḥ samatikramya vīryavān | deśaṃ kimpuruṣāvāsaṃ drumaputreṇa rakṣitam ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: Rồi bấy giờ, Arjuna—vị dũng sĩ đầy uy lực—vượt qua Núi Trắng và tiến vào xứ sở của Kimpuruṣa, nơi cư trú của họ, được Drumaputra canh giữ.

Word by Word

• वैशम्पायनः: Vaiśampāyana
• वैशम्पायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैशम्पायन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• श्वेतपर्वतम्: the White Mountain
• श्वेतपर्वतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्वेतपर्वत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• वीरः: the hero
• वीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समतिक्रम्य: having crossed/overstepped
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अति + क्रम्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• वीर्यवान्: mighty, valorous
• वीर्यवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वीर्यवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• देशम्: region, country
• देशम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• किम्पुरुषावासम्: the abode/land of the Kimpuruṣas
• किम्पुरुषावासम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: किम्पुरुषावास
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• द्रुमपुत्रेण: by Drumaputra
• द्रुमपुत्रेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुमपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• रक्षितम्: protected, guarded
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arjuna
• Śvetaparvata (White Mountain)
• Kimpuruṣa-deśa (land of the Kimpuruṣas)
• Drumaputra

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Power is portrayed as legitimate when exercised with restraint and purpose: the digvijaya aims at establishing recognized political order (often through tribute and reinstallation of rulers) rather than mere annihilation, reflecting a dharmic ideal of kingship.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates Arjuna’s advance during the Pāṇḍavas’ campaign: Arjuna crosses Śvetaparvata and enters the Kimpuruṣa region, described as guarded by Drumaputra, marking the next stage of his conquests.