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Shloka 49

यथा सर्वाणि भूतानि मृत्योर्भीतानि मारिष । धर्ममेवोपलीयन्ते कर्मवन्ति हि यानि च,माननीय नरेश! जैसे कर्म करनेवाले सब जीव मृत्युसे डरकर धर्मकी ही शरण लेते हैं, उसी प्रकार आपके पुत्र महामना पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुनके भयसे महाधनुर्धर कर्णकी ही ओटमें छिपने लगे थे

sañjaya uvāca |

yathā sarvāṇi bhūtāni mṛtyor bhītāni māriṣa |

dharmam evopalīyante karmavanti hi yāni ca ||

Sañjaya nói: Tâu bậc đáng kính, như mọi loài hữu tình—vốn bị nghiệp lực chi phối—khi sợ Thần Chết thì nương tựa nơi Dharma; cũng vậy, các hoàng tử của ngài vì khiếp sợ Arjuna, người con cao thượng của Pāṇḍu, đã ẩn mình sau Karṇa, đại cung thủ, để cầu sự che chở.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
भूतानिbeings, creatures
भूतानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मृत्योःfrom death
मृत्योः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
भीतानिafraid
भीतानि:
TypeAdjective
Rootभीत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मारिषO venerable one (sir)
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपलीयन्तेtake refuge in, resort to
उपलीयन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ली
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
कर्मवन्तिendowed with action; active
कर्मवन्ति:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्मवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
यानिwhich
यानि:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied addressee: māriṣa)
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified concept)
D
Dharma
A
Arjuna
K
Karṇa
K
Kauravas (implied: 'your sons')
P
Pāṇḍavas (implied via Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a moral analogy: as beings instinctively seek Dharma when threatened by Death, warriors likewise seek a righteous or powerful refuge when overwhelmed by fear. It highlights how fear drives the search for protection, and frames ‘taking shelter’ as a universal response—ethically pointing to Dharma as the highest refuge.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava forces, intimidated by Arjuna’s prowess, began to cluster behind Karṇa for protection—treating Karṇa as their shield against Arjuna’s onslaught.