Shloka 22

Devanagari script

हतावशेषानुत्सृज्य त्वदीयान्‌ कतिचिद्‌ रथान्‌ । जवेनाभ्यद्रवद्‌ राजन्‌ धनंजयरथं प्रति

Transliteration

hatāvaśeṣān utsṛjya tvadīyān katicid rathān | javena abhyadravad rājan dhanaṃjaya-rathaṃ prati, nareśvara! bharataśreṣṭha ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu Đại vương, tâu chúa tể loài người, bậc ưu tú của Bharata—bỏ lại vài chiến xa của bệ hạ còn sống sót sau cuộc tàn sát, chàng lao đi với tốc độ lớn về phía chiến xa của Dhanañjaya (Arjuna).”

Word by Word

• हत्वा: having slain
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• अवशेषान्: the remaining (ones)
• अवशेषान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• उत्सृज्य: having left/abandoned
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत् + सृज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund)

• त्वदीयान्: your (belonging to you)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वदीय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• कतिचित्: some, a few
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कतिचित् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययप्राय)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• जवेन: with speed
• जवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अभ्यद्रवत्: ran towards/charged
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + द्रु (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• धनंजय: of Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति (अव्यय)

• नर-ईश्वर: O lord of men
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• भरत-श्रेष्ठ: O best of the Bharatas
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरतश्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• राजन् / नरेश्वर / भरतश्रेष्ठ (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed)
• धनंजय (Arjuna)
• रथ (chariot)
• त्वदीय रथी (Kaurava chariot-warriors, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the battlefield ethic of prioritizing decisive engagement: a warrior, setting aside lesser targets, hastens toward a principal opponent. It reflects kṣatriya resolve and the strategic focus expected in dharma-yuddha contexts.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, leaving a few surviving Kaurava chariot-warriors behind, the fighter in view charges swiftly toward Arjuna’s chariot, intensifying the direct confrontation around Dhanañjaya.