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Shloka 22

कर्णवधप्रसङ्गः / The Context of Karṇa’s Fall

Krishna’s Dharmic Recollection and the Decisive Astra

प्रतिश्रुत्याकुर्वतो वै गतिर्या कष्टा याता तामहं राजसिंह । भारत! छ: हजार राजकुमार स्वर्गलोकमें जानेके लिये युद्धके सागरमें मग्न हो गये हैं। राजन! राजसिंह! यदि आज मैं बन्धुओंसहित युद्धमें तत्पर हुए कर्णको हठपूर्वक न मार डालूँ तो प्रतिज्ञा करके उसका पालन न करनेवालेको जो दुःखदायी गति प्राप्त होती है

arjuna uvāca | pratiśrutyākurvato vai gatir yā kaṣṭā yātā tām ahaṃ rājasiṃha | bhārata! ṣaṭ-sahasra rāja-kumāraḥ svarga-lokaṃ gantum yuddha-sāgare magna-bhūtāḥ | rājan! rājasiṃha! yadi adya ahaṃ bandhūbhiḥ saha yuddhe tatparaṃ karṇaṃ haṭha-pūrvakaṃ na mārayeyam, tarhi pratijñāṃ kṛtvā tām apālayan yaḥ duḥkha-dāyīṃ gatiṃ prāpnoti, tām eva aham api prāpnuyām || āmantraye tvāṃ brūhi jayaṃ raṇe me | purā bhīmaṃ dhārtarāṣṭrā grasantaḥ | aham etat pūrvam eva sūta-putraṃ karṇaṃ tasya senāṃ ca samastān śatrūṃś ca nihaniṣyāmi ||

Arjuna nói: “Hỡi sư tử giữa các bậc quân vương, số phận nghiệt ngã dành cho kẻ đã thề mà không giữ lời—ta không muốn chuốc lấy. Hỡi Bhārata, sáu nghìn vương tử đã chìm vào biển chiến tranh để cầu đến cõi trời. Thưa Đại vương, hỡi sư tử của các bậc trị vì, nếu hôm nay ta không kiên quyết đánh gục Karṇa—khi hắn đứng sẵn sàng giao chiến cùng thân tộc—thì ta cũng sẽ chịu kết cục đau đớn của kẻ thất tín. Vì vậy ta xin phép ngài: hãy ban phúc cho chiến thắng của ta nơi chiến địa. Các con của Dhṛtarāṣṭra đang toan nuốt chửng Bhīmasena; trước khi điều ấy xảy ra, ta sẽ giết Karṇa, quân của hắn, và toàn bộ kẻ thù trước đã.”

प्रतिश्रुत्याby (one's) promise
प्रतिश्रुत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिश्रुति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अकुर्वतःof (one) not doing / not fulfilling
अकुर्वतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent active participle (śatṛ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
गतिःfate, course, destination
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
याwhich
या:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कष्टाpainful, grievous
कष्टा:
TypeAdjective
Rootकष्ट
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
याताattained, gone to
याता:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPast passive participle (kta), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
ताम्that (fate)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
राजसिंहO lion among kings
राजसिंह:
TypeNoun
Rootराजसिंह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भारतO Bhārata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
आमन्त्रयेI request / I ask leave
आमन्त्रये:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + मन्त्र्
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Singular, Ātmanepada
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
ब्रूहिsay / utter
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
जयम्victory
जयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
मेmy / for me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
पुराbefore, formerly
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
भीमम्Bhīma
भीमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धार्तराष्ट्राःthe sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra
धार्तराष्ट्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ग्रसन्तेthey devour / seek to swallow
ग्रसन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
Karṇa
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons (Kauravas / Dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ)
B
Bhārata (address/lineage epithet)
S
Svargaloka (heaven)
Y
Yuddha (the war/battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds dharma as fidelity to one’s pledged word: breaking a vow leads to a grievous moral and posthumous consequence. Arjuna frames his intended act—killing Karṇa—not as mere vengeance but as the ethical necessity of fulfilling a solemn commitment amid war.

Arjuna addresses a senior Kuru authority (styled ‘lion among kings’), requests permission and a blessing for victory, and declares urgent intent to kill Karṇa and the enemy forces. He notes that the Kauravas are attempting to overwhelm Bhīma, so he must act swiftly to neutralize Karṇa first.