Shloka 20

स विचर्मा महाराज खड्गपाणिरुपाद्रवत्‌ । कृपस्य वशमापत्नो मृत्योरास्यमिवातुर:

sa vicarmā mahārāja khaḍgapāṇir upādravat | kṛpasya vaśam āpanno mṛtyor āsyam ivāturaḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu Đại vương, Śikhaṇḍin—khiên đã bị chém đứt—chỉ còn cầm gươm trong tay mà lao tới. Đã rơi vào thế bị Kṛpa khống chế, chàng xông lên như kẻ bệnh nặng đã chạm đến ngay miệng Thần Chết.”

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विचर्माwithout armor/shield (lit. without skin/covering)
विचर्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविचर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
खड्गपाणिःsword-in-hand (one holding a sword)
खड्गपाणिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootखड्गपाणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उपाद्रवत्ran up / rushed toward
उपाद्रवत्:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootउप + द्रु (द्रवति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृपस्यof Kripa
कृपस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृप
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वशम्control, power, sway
वशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपन्नःhaving fallen into / having come under
आपन्नः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ + पद् (आपन्न)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past participle)
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आस्यम्mouth, jaws
आस्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआस्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
Avyaya
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आतुरःafflicted, sick, distressed
आतुरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआतुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
K
Kṛpa (Kṛpācārya)
K
khaḍga (sword)
C
carma/vicarman (shield/being without shield)
M
Mṛtyu (Death, personified)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tragic momentum of war: courage can persist even when one is disadvantaged, but bravery without protection or strategic advantage may become a rush toward death. The simile of a sick man entering Death’s mouth stresses human vulnerability and the moral bleakness of battlefield inevitability.

Śikhaṇḍin’s shield has been cut down; he continues the fight with only a sword in hand and charges toward Kṛpācārya. Sañjaya describes Śikhaṇḍin as being under Kṛpa’s dominance, likening his advance to a doomed, helpless approach to Death itself.