Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 16

कृष्णेन अर्जुनस्य प्रोत्साहनम् — Kṛṣṇa’s Exhortation to Arjuna

Prelude to Karṇa’s Slaying

कितने ही हाथी घुड़सवारोंके छोड़े हुए तोमरों तथा अनेक विपक्षियोंको भी सूँड़ोंसे पकड़कर रणभूमिमें विचरते थे तथा दूसरे उनको टुकड़े-टुकड़े कर डालते थे ।।

nārācaiś chinnavarmāṇo bhrājanti sma gajottamāḥ | himāgame yathā rājan vyabhrā iva mahīdharāḥ ||

Sañjaya thưa: Tâu Đại vương, có những con voi dùng vòi chộp lấy các lao tomara do kỵ binh phóng ra, lại quắp cả nhiều kẻ địch, rồi đi lại trên chiến địa; những con khác thì xé nát chúng thành từng mảnh. Và những voi bậc nhất, áo giáp bị mũi tên nārāca chém rách, xé toạc, vẫn rực sáng giữa trận tiền—như núi non mùa lạnh, khi trời quang không mây, hiện ra trong vẻ trong trẻo chói ngời.

नाराचैःby iron arrows (narācas)
नाराचैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाराच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
छिन्न-वर्माणःwhose armor is cut
छिन्न-वर्माणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootछिन्न-वर्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भ्राजन्तिshine
भ्राजन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्राज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सम्well/fully; together (intensifier)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
गजोत्तमाःbest of elephants; elephant-kings
गजोत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज-उत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिम-आगमेat the coming of winter
हिम-आगमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहिम-आगम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यथाas; just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
व्यभ्राःcloudless; free from clouds
व्यभ्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-अभ्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike; as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
महीधराःmountains
महीधराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहीधर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (rājan)
G
gajottamāḥ (war-elephants)
N
nārāca (arrows)
V
varma (armour)
M
mahīdharāḥ (mountains)
H
himāgama/hemanta (cold season)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the paradox of battlefield ‘splendour’: even when armour is destroyed and life is exposed to mortal danger, warriors and war-elephants continue forward. It implicitly warns that worldly protections are fragile, while also reflecting the kṣatriya ideal of steadfastness amid suffering—an ethically complex endurance within a destructive enterprise.

Sanjaya describes the Kurukṣetra fighting to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. War-elephants, struck by nārāca arrows that slice their armour, still appear radiant. Their appearance is compared to cloudless mountains in the cold season—clear, stark, and imposing—intensifying the visual drama of the battle.