Shloka 65

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

Devanagari script

काल्यमानं बल दृष्टवा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठटिर:

Transliteration

kālyamānaṃ balaṃ dṛṣṭvā dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Thấy quân mình bị dồn vào cảnh khốn đốn, bị ép chặt không lối thoát, vua Yudhiṣṭhira—Dharmarāja, người kiên định với dharma—nhận ra tình thế ngày càng xấu đi; tâm trí hướng về điều chính đáng còn có thể làm giữa sức ép ngột ngạt của chiến trận.”

Word by Word

• काल्यमानम्: being driven/impelled (being urged on)
• काल्यमानम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काल्य (√कल्/√काल् caus.)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular, Present passive participle (शानच्), accusative singular neuter

• बलम्: army; force
• बलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: बल
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वाान्त), indeclinable

• धर्मराजः: Dharmaraja (king of righteousness)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhishthira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Pāṇḍava army (bala)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in war, the ruler identified with dharma must respond to changing realities without losing moral orientation—recognizing suffering and pressure on one’s forces and then choosing the most responsible course of action.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Yudhiṣṭhira observes his army being severely pressed in battle; this observation sets up Yudhiṣṭhira’s next decision or response to the crisis on the battlefield.