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Shloka 30

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

शल्यं नवत्या विव्याध त्रिसप्तत्या च सूतजम्‌ । तांस्तस्य गोप्तृन्‌ विव्याध त्रिभिस्त्रिभिरजिह्मगै:

śalyaṃ navatyā vivyādha trisaptatyā ca sūtajam | tāṃs tasya goptṝn vivyādha tribhis tribhir ajihmagaiḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Ngài bắn Śalya chín mươi mũi tên, và bắn Karṇa—con của người đánh xe—bảy mươi ba mũi. Rồi ngài cũng đánh gục những kẻ hộ vệ của Karṇa, mỗi người bị xuyên bởi ba mũi tên bay thẳng—một hình ảnh của sức mạnh quân kỷ, không chệch hướng, giữa đạo lý tàn khốc của chiến trường.

शल्यंShalya (as object)
शल्यं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नवत्याwith ninety (arrows)
नवत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनवति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिसप्तत्याwith seventy-three (arrows)
त्रिसप्तत्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिसप्तति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सूतजम्the charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूतज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तस्यof him / his
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
गोप्तॄन्protectors/guards
गोप्तॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगोप्तृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विव्याधpierced
विव्याध:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिभिःwith three (arrows)
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
त्रिभिःwith three (each time)
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अजिह्मगैःwith straight-going (arrows)
अजिह्मगैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअजिह्मग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya
K
Karṇa (Sūtaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the grim discipline of kṣatriya-dharma in war: effectiveness, precision, and resolve are praised as martial virtues, even while the action underscores the tragic moral tension of duty expressed through violence.

In the battle report narrated by Sañjaya, a warrior (implied from context) shoots Śalya with ninety arrows and Karṇa with seventy-three, and then pierces Karṇa’s supporting defenders with three straight-flying arrows each.