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Shloka 23

Karṇa-vadha-pratyaya: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Verification of Karṇa’s Fall (कर्णवध-प्रत्ययः)

युक्‍त्वा स्वर्गयशो भ्यां च स्वेभ्यो मुदमुदावहत्‌ । वह सहसों शत्रुओंको वस्त्र, आयुध शरीर और प्राणोंसे शून्य करके उन्हें स्वर्ग और सुयशसे संयुक्त करता हुआ आत्मीयजनोंको आनन्द प्रदान करने लगा ।।

sañjaya uvāca | yuktvā svargayaśobhyāṃ ca svebhyo mudam udāvahat | sa ha sahasāṃ śatrūn ko vastra-āyudha-śarīra-prāṇaiḥ śūnyaṃ kṛtvā tān svarga-suyaśobhyāṃ saṃyojayann ātmīyajanān ānandaṃ pradadāti sma || evaṃ māriṣa saṃgrāmo nara-vāji-gaja-kṣayaḥ | kurūṇāṃ sṛñjayānāṃ ca devāsura-samo 'bhavat mānyavara ||

Sañjaya thưa: “Kết hợp họ với cõi trời và danh tiếng bền lâu, chàng đem niềm vui cho người của mình. Thoăn thoắt tước khỏi quân thù y phục, vũ khí, thân xác, thậm chí cả hơi thở sinh mệnh, chàng tiễn họ đến thiên giới và tiếng thơm, trong khi làm hoan hỷ thân tộc. Vì vậy, bậc đáng tôn kính, trận chiến ấy—tàn phá người, ngựa và voi—giữa nhà Kuru và Sṛñjaya trở nên kinh khiếp như cuộc chiến giữa chư thiên và A-tu-la.”

युक्त्वाhaving joined/connected
युक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootयुज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), parasmaipada (usage-neutral), non-finite
स्वर्गheaven
स्वर्ग:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
यशोभ्याम्with (twofold) fame/glory
यशोभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
Formneuter, instrumental, dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वेभ्यःto his own (people/kinsmen)
स्वेभ्यः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
Formmasculine, dative, plural
मुदम्joy
मुदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमुद्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
उदावहत्brought/provided
उदावहत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-आ-वाह्
Formलङ् (imperfect), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
मारिषO noble sir (address)
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
संग्रामःbattle
संग्रामः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नरof men
नर:
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
वाजिof horses
वाजि:
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
गजof elephants
गज:
TypeNoun
Rootगज
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
क्षयःdestruction
क्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कुरूणाम्of the Kurus
कुरूणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
सृञ्जयानाम्of the Sṛñjayas
सृञ्जयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसृञ्जय
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देवof gods
देव:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
असुरof demons/asuras
असुर:
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
समःequal to / like
समः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formलङ् (imperfect), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kurus
S
Sṛñjayas
S
svarga (heaven)
D
devāsura-saṃgrāma (war of gods and demons)
W
weapons (āyudha)
G
garments (vastra)
H
horses (vāji)
E
elephants (gaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the epic’s tension between martial glory and human cost: a warrior’s deeds are framed as granting ‘heaven and fame’ while simultaneously emphasizing the brutal reality—enemies are deprived of body and life. It invites reflection on how dharma-language can sanctify violence, even as the narrative does not hide its devastation.

Sañjaya describes the ferocity of the ongoing battle: one side’s champion rapidly slaughters foes, bringing joy to his own camp, and the overall conflict between the Kurus and the Sṛñjayas becomes comparable in terror to the mythic war between gods and demons, with massive losses of men, horses, and elephants.