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Shloka 196

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

तमाद्दयत दुर्बद्धि: पताव इति पक्षिणम्‌ । फिर वह जूठनपर घमंड करनेवाला कौआ इन हंसोंमें सबसे श्रेष्ठ कौन है? यह जाननेकी इच्छासे उड़कर उनके पास गया और दूरतक उड़नेवाले उन बहुसंख्यक हंसोंमेंसे जिस पक्षीको उसने श्रेष्ठ समझा

tam ādadāya durbuddhiḥ patāv iti pakṣiṇam |

Sañjaya nói: Vì kiêu ngạo hão và ham chứng tỏ hơn thua, kẻ ngu ấy bay đến gần bầy thiên nga, muốn biết trong số những con bay xa kia ai là bậc trội nhất. Rồi nó chọn một con mà nó cho là ưu tú, và lớn tiếng thách thức: “Nào—hai ta hãy bay!”

तम्him/that one
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा (√दा)
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
दुर्बुद्धिःthe foolish one
दुर्बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पतागम्a flying creature/bird
पतागम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपतग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
पक्षिणम्a bird
पक्षिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
पक्षी (a bird)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical danger of arrogance: a foolish mind seeks to assert superiority through challenges, mistaking bravado for true excellence. Discernment and humility are implied virtues, while pride leads to reckless confrontation.

Sañjaya narrates that a foolish bird (contextually, the boastful crow in the surrounding passage) selects one among other birds and provocatively calls out, “Let us fly!”—initiating a contest to prove who is superior.