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Shloka 19

Adhyāya 36: Ghora-yuddha-varṇanam

A Clinical Description of the Intensified Engagement

न नूनमस्त्राणि बल॑ पराक्रम: क्रिया: सुनीतं परमायुधानि वा । अलं मनुष्यस्य सुखाय वर्तितुं तथा हि युद्धे निहतः परैर्गुरु:

na nūnam astrāṇi balaṁ parākramaḥ kriyāḥ sunītaṁ paramāyudhāni vā | alaṁ manuṣyasya sukhāya vartituṁ tathā hi yuddhe nihataḥ parair guruḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Quả thật, binh khí, sức mạnh, dũng mãnh, hành động khéo léo, mưu lược đúng đắn, hay cả những vũ khí tinh tuyển nhất cũng không đủ để đem lại hạnh phúc cho con người; bởi dù có đủ mọi phương tiện ấy, bậc thầy đáng kính vẫn bị kẻ thù giết trong chiến trận.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
अस्त्राणिweapons (missiles)
अस्त्राणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
Formneuter, nominative, plural
बलम्strength
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter, nominative, singular
पराक्रमःvalor, prowess
पराक्रमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपराक्रम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
क्रियाःactions, efforts
क्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
Formfeminine, nominative, plural
सुनीतम्good policy, good conduct
सुनीतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुनीत
Formneuter, nominative, singular
परमायुधानिsupreme weapons
परमायुधानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरम-आयुध
Formneuter, nominative, plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अलम्sufficient, enough
अलम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअलम्
मनुष्यस्यof a man
मनुष्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
सुखायfor happiness
सुखाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
Formneuter, dative, singular
वर्तितुम्to lead to, to suffice for (lit. to occur/turn out)
वर्तितुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), parasmaipada (usage-neutral infinitive)
तथाthus, in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
निहतःslain
निहतः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
परैःby others, by enemies
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
गुरुःthe teacher (preceptor)
गुरुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
G
Guru (Droṇācārya)
A
astrāṇi (weapons)
P
paramāyudhāni (excellent arms)
Y
yuddha (battle)

Educational Q&A

Worldly supports—arms, strength, bravery, skill, and even wise strategy—cannot guarantee happiness or security; in war especially, outcomes can overturn merit and preparation, as shown by the fall of the revered teacher.

Sañjaya reflects on the grim reality of the battlefield: despite possessing every martial advantage and being a great preceptor, the guru (Droṇa) was nevertheless killed by enemies, underscoring the precariousness of human plans in war.