Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan

Adhyāya 31

जैसे संग्रामभूमिमें अर्जुनके रथकी बागडोर सँभालनेवाले श्रेष्ठ सारथि श्रीकृष्ण हैं, उसी प्रकार आप भी कर्णके रथपर बैठकर उसकी बागडोर अपने हाथमें लीजिये ।।

sañjaya uvāca | yathā saṅgrāmabhūmau arjunasya rathasya bāgḍoraṃ sambhālayituṃ śreṣṭhaḥ sārathiḥ śrīkṛṣṇaḥ, tathā tvam api karṇasya rathopaviṣṭaḥ tasya bāgḍoraṃ svahastena gṛhāṇa || tena yukto raṇe pārtho rakṣyamāṇaś ca pārthiva | yāni karmāṇi kurute pratyakṣāṇi tathaiva tat || rājann, śrīkṛṣṇena saṃyuktaḥ surakṣitaś ca pārthaḥ raṇabhūmau yāni yāni karmāṇi karoti, tāni sarvāṇi tava cakṣuṣoḥ pratyakṣāṇi ||

Sañjaya nói: “Cũng như trên chiến địa, vị xa phu tối thượng là Śrī Kṛṣṇa nắm và điều khiển dây cương chiến xa của Arjuna, thì bệ hạ cũng hãy lên ngồi trên chiến xa của Karṇa và tự tay cầm lấy dây cương. Bởi khi Pārtha (Arjuna) được kết hợp với Kṛṣṇa và được Ngài che chở trong trận mạc, mọi việc chàng làm nơi chiến trường đều thành tựu hiển nhiên ngay trước mắt bệ hạ, ôi đức vua.”

तेनby him/with him
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
युक्तःjoined/associated
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
पार्थःPartha (Arjuna)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रक्ष्यमाणःbeing protected
रक्ष्यमाणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्ष्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवO king
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यानिwhich (things)
यानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कर्माणिdeeds/actions
कर्माणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुरुतेdoes/performs
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
प्रत्यक्षाणिvisible/directly seen
प्रत्यक्षाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रत्यक्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तथाthus/in that way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
तत्that/it
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
धृतराष्ट्र (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
अर्जुन / पार्थ (Arjuna / Pārtha)
श्रीकृष्ण (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
कर्ण (Karṇa)
रथ (chariot)
बागडोर (reins)
रणभूमि / संग्रामभूमि (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

Effective action in crisis depends on right guidance and protection: Arjuna’s visible successes are attributed to being ‘yukta’ with Kṛṣṇa—symbolizing superior counsel, steadiness, and safeguarding. The verse implicitly contrasts mere valor with guided, disciplined agency.

Sanjaya advises King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, just as Kṛṣṇa expertly drives Arjuna’s chariot, the king should similarly take charge of Karṇa’s chariot by holding the reins—an image urging direct oversight and strategic control. He adds that Arjuna’s battlefield deeds, empowered by Kṛṣṇa’s support, are plainly evident to the king through Sanjaya’s report.