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Shloka 18

कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan

Adhyāya 31

तस्मिञज्जयाशा विपुला मद्रराज नराधिप । तस्याभीषुग्रहवरो नान्यो5स्ति भुवि कश्नन

tasmiñ jaya-āśā vipulā madrarāja narādhipa | tasyābhīṣu-graha-varo nānyo 'sti bhuvi kaścana ||

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu vua xứ Madra, bậc chúa tể giữa loài người, nơi người ấy có niềm hy vọng chiến thắng vô cùng lớn. Và trên cõi đất này, không ai sánh bằng người ấy về tài nắm giữ và chế ngự dây cương (chiến xa)—tuyệt nhiên không.”

तस्मिन्in that (matter/one)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
जयाशाhope of victory
जयाशा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजय-आशा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
विपुलाgreat, abundant
विपुला:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविपुल
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मद्रराजO king of Madra
मद्रराज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्र-राज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नराधिपO lord of men (king)
नराधिप:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनर-अधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तस्यof him/for him
तस्य:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अभीषुग्रहवरोthe excellent restrainer/holder of the reins
अभीषुग्रहवरो:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभीषु-ग्रह-वर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यःanother (one)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्तिis/exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भुविon earth
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
कश्चनanyone at all
कश्चन:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
M
Madrarāja (Śalya)
A
abhīṣu (chariot reins)

Educational Q&A

In the midst of war, victory is tied not only to a warrior’s valor but also to practical mastery—especially chariot-control and coordination. The verse highlights how technical excellence and disciplined control can decisively shape outcomes.

Sañjaya addresses the king of Madra (Śalya), expressing strong confidence of victory in a certain person and praising that person’s unmatched skill in controlling the chariot reins—an important battlefield advantage.