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Shloka 8

Adhyāya 17 — गजयुद्ध-वृत्तान्तः, सहदेव-दुःशासन-संघर्षः, नकुल-कर्ण-समागमः

Elephant-battle account; Sahadeva–Duhshasana clash; Nakula–Karna encounter

नरांस्तु कार्ष्णायसवर्म भूषणान्‌ निपात्य साशथ्वानपि पत्तिभि: सह । व्यपोथयद्‌ दन्तिवरेण शुष्मिणा स शब्दवत्‌ स्थूलनलं यथा तथा

narāṁs tu kārṣṇāyasavarma-bhūṣaṇān nipātya sāśvān api pattibhiḥ saha | vyapothayad dantivareṇa śuṣmiṇā sa śabdavat sthūla-nalaṁ yathā tathā ||

Sañjaya nói: Với con chiến tượng mạnh mẽ và ưu việt ấy, hắn quật ngã những người mặc giáp sắt, đeo trang sức quý, hất họ xuống đất cùng ngựa và bộ binh, rồi nghiền nát tất cả. Như những bụi sậy dày kêu răng rắc khi bị giẫm, các chiến sĩ ấy cũng phát ra tiếng vỡ vụn khô khốc khi bị nghiền dưới sức nặng.

नरान्men, warriors
नरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
कार्ष्णायस-वर्म-भूषणान्those having iron armor and ornaments
कार्ष्णायस-वर्म-भूषणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्ष्णायसवर्मभूषण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निपात्यhaving felled, after throwing down
निपात्य:
TypeVerb
Rootनि+पत्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
स-अश्वान्together with (their) horses
स-अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पत्तिभिःwith foot-soldiers
पत्तिभिः:
Saha (associated)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
व्यपोथयत्he crushed/ground down, he trampled
व्यपोथयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि+अप+उथ् (व्यपोथयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
दन्ति-वरेणby the best elephant
दन्ति-वरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदन्तिवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
शुष्मिणाpowerful, vigorous
शुष्मिणा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootशुष्मिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (स)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शब्दवत्with sound, noisily
शब्दवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशब्दवत्
स्थूल-नलम्a thick reed (cane)
स्थूल-नलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थूलनल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
तथाso, in the same way
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
war-elephant (dantivara)
I
iron armour (kārṣṇāyasa-varman)
O
ornaments (bhūṣaṇa)
H
horses (aśva)
I
infantry/foot-soldiers (patti)
T
thick reeds/canes (sthūla-nala)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of external protections—armour and ornaments—before overwhelming force, and evokes the ethical gravity of war: in the chaos of battle, human beings can be reduced to objects of destruction, prompting reflection on the cost of kṣatriya conflict and the impermanence of worldly splendour.

Sañjaya describes a warrior’s elephant-charge: the powerful elephant knocks down armoured fighters along with their horses and accompanying infantry, then tramples them. The crushing is compared to thick reeds being stomped, producing a crackling sound.