Shloka 12

भीष्मरक्षण-उद्योगः, शिखण्डि-विवर्जनं, सर्वतोभद्र-व्यूहः

Protection of Bhīṣma, Exemption of Śikhaṇḍin, and the Sarvatobhadra Array

Devanagari script

पतत्यथ गजे चापि वड्भानामीश्वरो बली । जवेन समभिद्रुत्य जगाम धरणीतलम्‌,हाथीके गिरते समय बलवान वंगनरेश उसकी पीठसे वेगपूर्वक कूदकर धरतीपर आ गये

Transliteration

pataty atha gaje cāpi vaṅgānām īśvaro balī | javena samabhidrutya jagāma dharaṇītalम् |

Translation

Sanjaya nói: Khi con voi ngã xuống, vị chúa tể nước Vāṅga dũng mãnh liền lao vút đi, nhảy khỏi lưng voi và đáp xuống mặt đất.

Word by Word

• पतति: falls
• Type: Verb
• Root: पत् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• गजे: on/at the elephant
• गजे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गज
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अपि: also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• वङ्गानाम्: of the Vangas
• Type: Noun
• Root: वङ्ग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• ईश्वरः: the lord/king
• ईश्वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईश्वर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• बली: strong, mighty
• बली: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलिन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• जवेन: with speed
• जवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जव
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• समभिद्रुत्य: having rushed/charged
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अभि + द्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (अव्ययभाव), कर्तरि

• जगाम: went
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्ष/परफेक्ट), प्रथम, एकवचन

• धरणीतलम्: the surface of the earth/ground
• धरणीतलम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धरणी-तल
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• वङ्गानाम् ईश्वरः (lord/king of Vanga)
• गज (elephant)
• धरणीतल (ground/earth)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid the chaos of war, alertness and timely action are essential; a warrior must preserve life and composure to continue fulfilling his role, rather than being swept away by panic or recklessness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that as an elephant collapses, the powerful ruler of the Vāṅgas quickly leaps down from its back and lands on the ground, avoiding being crushed or thrown down with it.