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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 65: Dawn Assembly, Makara–Śyena Vyūhas, and Commander Engagements

अभ्यवर्तन्त संद्ृष्टा: परस्परवधैषिण: । ते वै समेयु: संग्रामे राजन्‌ दुर्मन्त्रिते तव,राजन! ये सब एक-दूसरेके वधकी इच्छा रखकर हर्ष और उत्साहके साथ क्षत्रियोंका सामना करते थे। आपकी कुमन्त्रणाके फलस्वरूप ही इन सब योद्धाओंकी आपसमें भिड़न्त हुई थी

sañjaya uvāca | abhyavartanta saṃdṛṣṭāḥ parasparavadhaiṣiṇaḥ | te vai sameyuḥ saṅgrāme rājan durmantrite tava ||

Sañjaya thưa: Khi đã trông thấy nhau, với ý định giết lẫn nhau, họ liền xông tới. Quả thật, tâu Đại vương, họ đã hội tụ trong chiến trận—một cuộc chạm trán do lời mưu tính sai lầm của bệ hạ gây nên, và hệ quả là sự đụng độ của các dũng sĩ ấy.

अभ्यवर्तन्तthey advanced / moved towards
अभ्यवर्तन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
संदृष्टाःhaving seen (each other) / on seeing
संदृष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-√दृश् (दृष्ट)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परस्पर-वध-एषिणःseeking one another's killing
परस्पर-वध-एषिणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएषिन् (from √इष्/√एष् 'to seek')
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
समेयुःthey came together / met
समेयुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√इ (एति)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दुर्मन्त्रितेin (the matter) ill-advised / due to bad counsel
दुर्मन्त्रिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्मन्त्रित (from दुर् + मन्त्रित, PPP of √मन्त्र्)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तवof you / your
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
King Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores moral responsibility in governance: destructive outcomes in war are not merely accidental but can be traced to flawed counsel and unethical decision-making, for which the ruler bears accountability.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that opposing warriors, once they came within sight of each other, advanced eagerly with the intent to kill, and that their direct clash in battle occurred as a consequence of the king’s misguided policies.