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Shloka 20

Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Anxiety and Bhīṣma’s Theological Explanation of Pāṇḍava Invincibility

Book 6, Chapter 61

पदाती रथिनं संख्ये रथी चापि पदातिनम्‌ | न्यपातयच्छितै: शस्त्रै: सेनयोरुभयोरपि,दोनों ही सेनाओंमें पैदल वीर रथीको और रथी योद्धा पैदल सैनिकको अपने तीखे अस्त्र-शस्त्रोंद्वारा रणभूमिमें मार गिराता था

padātī rathinaṃ saṅkhye rathī cāpi padātinam | nyapātayacchitaiḥ śastraiḥ senayor ubhayor api ||

Sañjaya nói: Giữa cơn hỗn chiến, bộ binh hạ gục các chiến sĩ xa chiến, và các chiến sĩ trên xa chiến cũng lần lượt quật ngã bộ binh, bằng những vũ khí sắc bén—ở cả hai phía đều như vậy. Cảnh tượng ấy phơi bày tính tương báo lạnh lùng của chiến tranh: địa vị hay cách giao chiến không đem lại miễn trừ đạo lý; bạo lực trả bạo lực, cuộn lên thành vòng xoáy càng lúc càng dữ.

पदातीa foot-soldier
पदाती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रथिनम्a chariot-warrior
रथिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
रथीa chariot-warrior
रथी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
पदातिनम्a foot-soldier
पदातिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
न्यपातयत्caused to fall; struck down
न्यपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, नि, true
छितैःwith sharp (weapons)
छितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootछित (प्रातिपदिक; past participle used adjectivally)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
शस्त्रैःwith weapons
शस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
सेनयोःof the two armies
सेनयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootसेना (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Dual
उभयोःof both
उभयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Feminine/Neuter, Genitive, Dual
अपिindeed/also (emphatic)
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
two armies (Kaurava and Pāṇḍava forces)
F
foot-soldiers (padātayaḥ)
C
chariot-warriors (rathinaḥ/rathinaṃ)
W
weapons (śastra)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the impartial, leveling nature of war: distinctions of status (infantry vs chariot-warrior) do not prevent mutual destruction. Ethically, it highlights how violence becomes reciprocal and widespread, warning that once dharma is eclipsed by battle-fury, suffering spreads across all ranks.

Sañjaya describes the battlefield where, amid intense fighting, infantrymen bring down chariot-fighters and chariot-fighters bring down infantrymen with sharp weapons—casualties occurring on both sides in equal measure.