Shloka 94

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

Devanagari script

एवं संनोद्य सर्वाणि स्वान्यनीकानि पार्षत: । भीमसेनस्य जग्राह पार्ष्णि सत्पुरुषैर्वत:

Transliteration

evaṁ saṁnodya sarvāṇi svāny anīkāni pārṣataḥ | bhīmasenasya jagrāha pārṣṇi satpuruṣair vataḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Như vậy, con trai của Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna), sau khi khích lệ và thúc giục toàn bộ các đội hình của mình, đã cùng những dũng sĩ cao quý nhận lấy nhiệm vụ bảo vệ hậu phương của Bhīmasena.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• संनोद्य: having urged/impelled
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नुद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोग (gerundial, voice-neutral in usage)

• सर्वाणि: all
• सर्वाणि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• स्वानि: his own
• स्वानि: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• अनीकानि: armies/divisions
• अनीकानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• पार्षतः: the son of Pṛṣata (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna)
• पार्षतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भीमसेनस्य: of Bhīmasena
• भीमसेनस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• जग्राह: took up/undertook
• Type: Verb
• Root: ग्रह्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• पार्ष्णिम्: the rear/heel-side (rear-guard position)
• पार्ष्णिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्ष्णि
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• सत्पुरुषैः: with good/noble men
• सत्पुरुषैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत्पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• वृतः: surrounded/accompanied
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृ (वरणे)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna (Pārṣata, son of Pṛṣata/Drupada’s line)
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Pāṇḍava army divisions (anīkāni)
• Satpuruṣa warriors (noble allies)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Effective dharmic leadership in war combines motivation of one’s forces with protective responsibility—ensuring that a principal warrior is not exposed to rear attacks, and that noble companions share the burden of safeguarding the vulnerable flank.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛṣṭadyumna first rallies his own troop-divisions for battle and then assumes the role of guarding Bhīma’s rear, accompanied by other honorable warriors, indicating a tactical rear-guard arrangement during the fighting.