Shloka 75

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

Devanagari script

क्रुद्धश्न चापमायम्य बलवद्‌ बलिनां वर: । कालिज्गरमवधीत्‌ पार्थो भीम: सप्तभिरायसै:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | kruddhaś ca āpamya cāpaṃ balavad balināṃ varaḥ | kaliṅgarājam avadhīt pārtho bhīmaḥ saptabhir āyasaiḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Nổi giận, Bhīma—con của Pṛthā, bậc nhất trong hàng dũng lực—kéo căng cung bằng sức mạnh phi thường và dùng bảy mũi tên sắt đánh trúng vua xứ Kaliṅga, Śrutāyu, khiến hắn trọng thương.

Word by Word

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध् (क्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• चापम्: bow
• चापम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चाप
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आयम्य: having drawn/strained
• Type: Verb
• Root: यम् (आ-यम्, ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• बलवत्: forcefully
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: बलवत्
• Form: true

• बलिनाम्: of the strong (men)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बलिन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• वरः: the best
• वरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कलिङ्गरम्: the king of Kalinga
• कलिङ्गरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलिङ्गर (कलिङ्ग-राज)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अवधीत्: struck down / slew
• Type: Verb
• Root: वध् (अव-धा/वध्)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• पार्थः: son of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍava)
• पार्थः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भीमः: Bhīma
• भीमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सप्तभिः: with seven
• सप्तभिः: Karana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: सप्त
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• आयसैः: iron (made of iron)
• आयसैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयस
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Bhīma
• Pārtha (son of Pṛthā/Kuntī)
• Kaliṅga
• Kaliṅgarāja (king of Kaliṅga)
• Bow (cāpa)
• Iron arrows (āyasa-bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, intense emotions like anger can drive decisive action; it implicitly invites reflection on kṣatriya-dharma—using strength and skill in battle—while recognizing the ethical tension of violence within a larger struggle framed as dharma-yuddha.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma, furious, powerfully draws his bow and strikes down the king of Kaliṅga using seven iron arrows, marking a forceful episode in the Kurukṣetra battle.