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Shloka 117

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

स हत्वा सर्वकालिज्ान्‌ सेनामध्ये व्यतिष्ठत । नैनमभ्युत्सहन्‌ केचित्‌ तावका भरतर्षभ

sa hatvā sarva-kāliṅgān senā-madhye vyatiṣṭhata | nainam abhyutsahan kecit tāvakā bharatarṣabha ||

Sañjaya nói: Sau khi giết sạch các chiến binh Kaliṅga, Bhīmasena đứng vững ngay giữa lòng quân. Thế nhưng trong hàng ngũ binh sĩ của ngài—hỡi bậc tráng kiện của dòng Bharata—không ai đủ can đảm tiến lên đối đầu với chàng.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
सर्वकालिङ्गान्all the Kalingas
सर्वकालिङ्गान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकालिङ्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सेनामध्येin the midst of the army
सेनामध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसेनामध्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
व्यतिष्ठतstood / took his stand
व्यतिष्ठत:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्युत्सहन्dared / had the courage (to approach/attack)
अभ्युत्सहन्:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सह्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
केचित्some (persons)
केचित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तावकाःyour (men), belonging to you
तावकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
K
Kaliṅga warriors
K
Kaurava troops (tāvakāḥ)
B
Bharatarṣabha (address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how overwhelming martial excellence can paralyze opponents with fear, creating a moral tension between kṣatriya duty (to face the enemy) and the instinct for self-preservation. It also illustrates the epic’s recurring theme that adharma-driven war breeds escalating violence and psychological collapse.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Bhīma has annihilated the Kaliṅga contingent and now stands unshaken in the center of the battlefield formation. The Kaurava soldiers, intimidated by his ferocity and strength, cannot bring themselves to confront him.