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Shloka 115

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

भीष्मस्तु निहते तस्मिन्‌ सारथौ रथिनां वर: । वातायमानैस्तैरश्वैरपनीतो रणाजिरात्‌,रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ भीष्म सारथिके मारे जानेपर हवाके समान भागनेवाले घोड़ोंके द्वारा रणभूमिसे बाहर कर दिये गये

bhīṣmas tu nihate tasmin sārathau rathināṃ varaḥ | vātāyamānais tair aśvair apanīto raṇājirāt ||

Sañjaya nói: Khi người đánh xe ấy bị giết, Bhīṣma—bậc nhất trong hàng chiến sĩ chiến xa—đã bị những con ngựa kia, nay lao đi như gió, kéo ra khỏi chiến trường. Câu kệ nhấn mạnh rằng giữa chiến tranh, ngay cả bậc vĩ đại nhất cũng bị hoàn cảnh ràng buộc: sự ngã xuống của một mắt xích nâng đỡ (người đánh xe) có thể buộc phải rút lui, phơi bày tính lệ thuộc lẫn nhau và sự mong manh ẩn dưới uy lực võ công.

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
निहतेwhen (he) was slain
निहते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-हन्
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (person/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सारथौin/when the charioteer
सारथौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रथिनाम्of chariot-warriors
रथिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरःthe best
वरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वातायमानैःmoving like the wind
वातायमानैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवातायमान
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तैःby those
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अश्वैःby horses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपनीतःwas carried away/removed
अपनीतः:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-नी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (past participle)
रणाजिरात्from the battlefield
रणाजिरात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरणाजिर
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
B
Bhishma
C
charioteer (sārathi)
H
horses
B
battlefield (raṇājira)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dependence of even the mightiest warrior on supporting roles and conditions. The death of the charioteer becomes a decisive factor, showing that prowess alone does not guarantee control; in war, outcomes hinge on interconnected causes and sudden reversals.

Sañjaya reports that after Bhishma’s charioteer is killed, Bhishma is taken away from the fighting ground as the horses bolt wind-swift, effectively removing his chariot from the battlefield.