Shloka 1
Devanagari script
ऑपनआ प्रात छा 2 पजञ्चाशत्तमो<्ध्याय: युधिष्ठिरकी चिन्ता, भगवान् श्रीकृष्णद्वारा आश्वासन, धृष्टद्युम्नका उत्साह तथा द्वितीय दिनके युद्धके लिये क्रौंचारुणव्यूहका निर्माण संजय उवाच कृते<वहारे सैन्यानां प्रथमे भरतर्षभ । भीष्मे च युद्धसंरब्धे हृष्टे दुर्योधने तथा
Translation
Sañjaya thưa: “Hỡi bậc tối thượng của dòng Bharata, khi việc nghỉ quân và thu xếp binh mã sau ngày giao chiến thứ nhất đã xong, Bhīṣma đang hăng hái lao vào chiến trận, còn Duryodhana thì hân hoan tột độ…”
Word by Word
संजयSanjaya
संजय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कृतेwhen/after (it was) done
कृते:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ
FormLocative absolute marker (kṛte = 'when/after ... was done')
अवहारेin the withdrawal/retreat (from battle)
अवहारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअवहार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सैन्यानाम्of the armies
सैन्यानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
प्रथमेon the first (day)
प्रथमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भीष्मेwhen/with Bhishma
भीष्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormConjunction
युद्ध-संरब्धेengaged in battle / eager for battle
युद्ध-संरब्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्ध-संरब्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
हृष्टेwhen (he was) delighted
हृष्टे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहृष्ट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दुर्योधनेwhen/with Duryodhana
दुर्योधने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
FormAdverb
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes