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Shloka 29

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

ततो दश महेष्वासा: पाण्डवानां महारथा: | रक्षार्थम भ्यधावन्त सौभद्रं त्वरिता रथै:,राजन! तब पुत्रसहित विराट, द्रुपदकुमार धृष्टद्युम्मन, भीमसेन, पाँचों भाई केकयराजकुमार तथा सात्यकि-ये पाण्डव-पक्षके महान्‌ धनुर्धर दस महारथी अभिमन्युकी रक्षाके लिये रथोंद्वारा तुरंत वहाँ दौड़े आये

tato daśa maheṣvāsāḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ mahārathāḥ | rakṣārtham abhyadhāvanta saubhadraṁ tvaritā rathaiḥ, rājan |

Sañjaya nói: “Bấy giờ mười cung thủ kiệt xuất—những đại xa chiến binh của phe Pāṇḍava—đã thúc xe lao nhanh đến để bảo vệ Saubhadra (Abhimanyu), tâu Đại vương. Câu kệ làm nổi bật đạo võ của kṣatriya: trung thành với phe mình, lập tức che chở đồng minh đang lâm nguy, và hành động phối hợp giữa cơn binh lửa.”

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya
दशten
दश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदश
FormNumber-word; masculine; nominative; plural (agreeing with महेष्वासाः)
महेष्वासाःgreat bowmen
महेष्वासाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine; nominative; plural
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine; genitive; plural
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine; nominative; plural
रक्षार्थम्for protection
रक्षार्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootरक्षा-अर्थ
FormAvyaya (accusative used adverbially: 'for the purpose of')
अभ्यधावन्ran up, rushed
अभ्यधावन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-धाव्
FormImperfect (Laṅ); parasmaipada; 3rd person; plural
सौभद्रम्Abhimanyu (son of Subhadrā)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
FormMasculine; accusative; singular
त्वरिताःhastened, swift
त्वरिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वरित
FormPast passive participle used adjectivally; masculine; nominative; plural (agreeing with the subject)
रथैःby/with chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine; instrumental; plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine; vocative; singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)
C
Chariots (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores kṣatriya-dharma in practice: when an ally is endangered, righteous conduct demands swift, united protection. It also reflects the ethical ideal of solidarity—placing the safety of one’s comrade above hesitation or personal risk.

In the battle account narrated by Sañjaya to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, ten elite Pāṇḍava-side chariot-warriors rapidly drive toward Abhimanyu (Saubhadra) to guard him, indicating an urgent tactical response to a threat against him.