Shloka 15
भीष्मविक्रमदर्शनं तथा क्रौञ्चारुणव्यूहविधानम् | Bhīṣma’s Ascendancy and the Organization of the Krauñcāruṇa Formation
शरीरवाड्मनोभिर्यत् कर्म प्रारभते नर: । न्याय्यं*) वा विपरीतं* वा पज्चैते तस्य हेतव:
arjuna uvāca | śarīra-vāg-manobhir yat karma prārabhate naraḥ | nyāyyaṃ vā viparītaṃ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ ||
Bất cứ hành động nào con người khởi sự bằng thân, lời hay ý—dù hợp với chính pháp hay trái với chính pháp—đều có năm nguyên nhân đứng phía sau.
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Actions arise through three channels—body, speech, and mind—and whether they are righteous or unrighteous, they are not random: they depend on identifiable causes. The verse points toward a structured view of moral agency, where responsibility includes understanding the factors that generate conduct.
Arjuna is speaking and introducing a doctrinal point: any human action, good or bad, has five underlying causes. This sets up a discussion on how deeds are produced and how one should judge or regulate conduct in a dharmic framework.