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Shloka 14

Abhimanyu’s Assault on Bhīṣma’s Screen; Banner-Felling and Reinforcements (सौभद्र-भीष्म-समरः)

सम्बन्ध-- इस प्रकार तीन तरहके यज्ञोंके लक्षण बतलाकर, अब तपके लक्षणोंका प्रकरण आरम्भ करते हुए चार “लोकोंद्वारा सात्विक तपके लक्षण बतलाते हैं-- देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं" शौचमार्जवम्‌ | ब्रह्मचर्यमहिंसा च शारीरं तप उच्यते,देवता, ब्राह्मण, गुरु और ज्ञानीजनोंका पूजन, पवित्रता,& सरलता, ब्रह्मचर्य- और अहिंसाः---यह शरीरसम्बन्धी तप कहा जाता है

arjuna uvāca | devadvijaguruprājñapūjanaṁ śaucam ārjavam | brahmacaryam ahiṁsā ca śārīraṁ tapa ucyate ||

Sự tôn kính thờ phụng thần linh, các bậc “nhị sinh” (những Bà-la-môn học thức), thầy mình và người hiền trí; sự thanh tịnh và ngay thẳng; sự tiết chế theo phạm hạnh và bất bạo động—được tuyên bố là khổ hạnh của thân. Về mặt đạo đức, kỷ luật thân thể không phải chỉ là chịu khổ, mà là một nếp sống được rèn luyện để tôn trọng trật tự thiêng liêng, tri thức và sự tự chế đầy lòng từ.

देवof gods / divine
देव:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्विजof twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विज:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
गुरुof teachers
गुरु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्राज्ञof the wise
प्राज्ञ:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पूजनम्worship, honoring
पूजनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपूजन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शौचम्purity, cleanliness
शौचम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशौच
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आर्जवम्straightforwardness, simplicity
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्यम्celibacy / disciplined conduct
ब्रह्मचर्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अहिंसाnon-violence
अहिंसा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहिंसा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शारीरम्bodily, pertaining to the body
शारीरम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशारीर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said / is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
D
Devas (the divine)
D
Dvijas (twice-born/Brahmins)
G
Guru (teacher)
P
Prājñas (the wise)

Educational Q&A

True bodily austerity is defined as ethical conduct: honoring the sacred, learned, teachers, and the wise; maintaining purity and sincerity; practicing disciplined restraint (brahmacarya) and non-violence (ahiṁsā).

In the midst of the larger war-time discourse, the speaker enumerates the marks of ‘bodily tapas’—shifting the focus from external hardship to virtues expressed through the body: reverence, cleanliness, integrity, restraint, and harmlessness.