Shloka 31

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय २: संजयस्य दिव्यदृष्टिप्रदानम् तथा निमित्तवर्णनम्

Granting Sañjaya Divine Sight and the Description of Omens

Devanagari script

या चैषा विश्रुता राजंस्त्रैलोक्ये साधुसम्मता । अरुन्धती तयाप्येष वसिष्ठ: पृष्ठत: कृत:

Transliteration

yā caiṣā viśrutā rājan trailokye sādhusammatā | arundhatī tayāpy eṣa vasiṣṭhaḥ pṛṣṭhataḥ kṛtaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Tâu Đại vương, ngay cả Arundhatī—nổi danh khắp ba cõi và được bậc hiền đức tôn kính—cũng, bởi chính đức hạnh của mình, khiến Vasiṣṭha như ở phía sau nàng.” Lời ấy nêu bật uy quyền đạo đức của lòng thủy chung của người vợ: đức hạnh chân thật có thể nâng địa vị lên đến mức ngay cả bậc tôn kính nhất cũng như đi theo sau ánh sáng ấy.

Word by Word

• या: who (she)
• या: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एषा: this (woman)
• एषा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• विश्रुता: well-known, renowned
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विश्रुत
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• त्रैलोक्ये: in the three worlds
• त्रैलोक्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रैलोक्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• साधु-सम्मता: approved/esteemed by the good
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साधु + सम्मत
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• अरुन्धती: Arundhatī
• अरुन्धती: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरुन्धती
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तया: by her
• तया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• अपि: also, even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• एष: this (man)
• एष: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वसिष्ठः: Vasiṣṭha
• वसिष्ठः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसिष्ठ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पृष्ठतः: behind, at the back
• पृष्ठतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतस्

• कृतः: was made/placed
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृत
• Form: Perfective (past participle), Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Arundhatī
• Vasiṣṭha

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse praises Arundhatī’s exemplary virtue—especially steadfast marital fidelity and moral excellence—suggesting that such dharma can confer supreme honor, so much so that even a revered sage like Vasiṣṭha is portrayed as following behind her.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana addresses the king and cites Arundhatī’s fame across the three worlds, emphasizing that her recognized virtue places her in a position of precedence, with Vasiṣṭha figuratively set behind her.