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Mahabharata — Bhishma Parva, Shloka 29

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय २: संजयस्य दिव्यदृष्टिप्रदानम् तथा निमित्तवर्णनम्

Granting Sañjaya Divine Sight and the Description of Omens

गृहीतशस्त्रा: क्रोशन्ति चर्मिणो वाजिपृष्ठगा: । अरुणोदये प्रदृश्यन्ते शतश: शलभव्रजा:

gṛhītaśastrāḥ krośanti carmiṇo vājipṛṣṭhagāḥ | aruṇodaye pradṛśyante śataśaḥ śalabhavrajāḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: Những kỵ sĩ mang khiên, tay nắm binh khí, ngồi trên lưng ngựa mà gào thét vang trời. Vào lúc rạng đông đỏ ửng, họ hiện ra dàn khắp bốn phương từng trăm toán—như bầy châu chấu—gợi nên làn sóng chiến tranh mênh mông vô ngã, cuốn lấp sự tự chế của từng người và thử thách dharma giữa cơn cuồng loạn của đám đông.

गृहीत-शस्त्राःhaving taken weapons / armed
गृहीत-शस्त्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootगृहीत (√ग्रह) + शस्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्रोशन्तिcry out, shout
क्रोशन्ति:
TypeVerb
Root√क्रुश्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चर्मिणःshield-bearers / those with shields
चर्मिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचर्मिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वाजि-पृष्ठ-गाःthose mounted on horses (going on horse-backs)
वाजि-पृष्ठ-गाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजि + पृष्ठ + ग (from √गम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अरुण-उदयेat dawn / at sunrise
अरुण-उदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरुण + उदय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रदृश्यन्तेare seen, appear
प्रदृश्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √दृश्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada (passive-like sense)
शतशःby hundreds, in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
शलभ-व्रजाःswarms/troops of locusts
शलभ-व्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशलभ + व्रज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
H
horses
M
mounted riders
S
shields
W
weapons
L
locust swarms
D
dawn (aruṇodaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how war gathers momentum like a natural swarm: individual voices become part of a mass movement. This imagery invites reflection on dharma under pressure—how easily human agency is swept into collective aggression, and why ethical discernment is crucial even when the crowd surges toward violence.

At dawn on the battlefield, mounted warriors carrying shields and weapons raise loud cries. The narrator compares the sight of the many riders spreading across the field to swarms of locusts visible at sunrise, emphasizing the scale and ominous intensity of the approaching conflict.