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Shloka 20

Chapter 19: Prativyūha of the Pāṇḍavas — Vajra (Acala) Formation and Dawn Omens

विराटश्न ततः पश्चाद्‌ राजाथाक्षौहिणीवृतः । भ्रातृभि: सह पुत्रैश्न सो5भ्यरक्षत पृष्ठत:,तत्पश्चात्‌ राजा विराट अपने भाइयों और पुत्रोंक साथ एक अक्षौहिणी सेना लेकर भीमसेनके पृष्ठभागकी रक्षा कर रहे थे

virāṭaś ca tataḥ paścād rājātha akṣauhiṇī-vṛtaḥ | bhrātṛbhiḥ saha putraiś ca so 'bhyarakṣat pṛṣṭhataḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Sau đó, vua Virāṭa, được một đạo quân akṣauhiṇī vây quanh, cùng với các anh em và các con trai, đã bảo vệ hậu phương của Bhīmasena. Câu kệ nêu bật đạo lý chiến trường về sự che chở phối hợp—sức mạnh ở tiền tuyến được duy trì nhờ sự hộ vệ trung thành từ phía sau, phản chiếu kỷ luật, bổn phận và tình đoàn kết giữa các đồng minh.

विराटःVirata (the king)
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen/now
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अक्षौहिणी-वृतःsurrounded/encircled by an akshauhini (army-division)
अक्षौहिणी-वृतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षौहिणी-वृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भ्रातृभिःwith (his) brothers
भ्रातृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
पुत्रैःwith (his) sons
पुत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यरक्षत्protected/guarded
अभ्यरक्षत्:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/at the rear
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Virāṭa
B
Bhīmasena
A
akṣauhiṇī (military division)
B
brothers of Virāṭa
S
sons of Virāṭa

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores dharma in warfare as disciplined cooperation: even a mighty warrior’s advance depends on steadfast protection of the rear by allies, expressing loyalty, responsibility, and strategic prudence.

Sañjaya reports that King Virāṭa, supported by his brothers, sons, and a full akṣauhiṇī force, takes position behind Bhīmasena to guard his back while Bhīma engages the enemy.